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Rotator Cuff Muscles
rotator cuff muscles
18
Anatomy
Graduate
09/19/2013

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Cards

Term
Rotator Cuff Muscles
Definition
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • Teres Minor
  • Subscapularis
  • Provide stability to the GH joint
Term
Supraspinatus Attachments
Definition
  • supraspinous fossa of scapula
  • greater tubercle of humerus
Term
Supraspinatus GH Movements
Definition
  • Abduction from neutral
  • Compress humeral head into glenoid fossa
Term
Supraspinatus Nerve Innervation
Definition
  • Suprascapular nerve
Term
Infraspinatus Attachments
Definition
  • Infraspinous fossa of scapula
  • Greater tubercle of humerus
Term
Infraspinatus GH Movements
Definition
  • External Rotation
  • Inferior translation of humeral head in glenoid fossa
Term
Infraspinatus Nerve Innervation
Definition
  • Suprascapular nerve
Term
Teres Minor Attachments
Definition
  • Lateral border of scapula
  • Greater tubercle of humerus
Term
Teres Minor GH Movements
Definition
  • External rotation
  • Adduction (minor contribution)
  • Inferior translation of humeral head in glenoid fossa
Term
Teres Minor Nerve Innervation
Definition
  • Axillary nerve
Term
Subscapularis Attachments
Definition
  • Subscapular fossa of scapula
  • Lesser tubercle of humerus
Term
Subscapularis GH Movement
Definition
  • Internal rotation
  • Inferior translation of humeral head in glenoid fossa
Term
Subscapularis Nerve Innervation
Definition
  • Upper subscapular nerve
  • Lower subscapular nerve
Term
Role as Dynamic Shoulder Stabilizers
Definition
  • Tendons insert into joint capsule strengthening and reinforcing it
  • Loss of rotator cuff leads to loss of GH stability
  • Maintain humeral head in glenoid fossa
    • prevent lateral displacement
    • works with oblique orientation of glenoid fossa
  • Provides a force couple with the deltoid
    • inferior translation of humeral head during initial 60 degrees abduction
    • prevent cranial migration
Term
Suprascapular Nerve Entrapment
Definition
  • usually due to trauma
  • most common at suprascapular notch
    • superior transverse scapular ligament over the notch
    • nerve (not artery) passes under the ligament prior to innervating both supraspinatus and infraspinatus
  • As wraps around spine of scapula (spinoglenoid notch)
    • both nerve and artery 
    • prior to innervating infraspinatus
    • 50% of people have a CT band over the nerve here
Term
Shoulder Dislocation
Definition
  • Anterior-inferior most common (weakest part of capsule)
  • May result in tear of subscapularis
Term
Rotator Cuff Impingement
Definition
  • Tendon and bursa impinged between acromion process and greater tubercle
  • More common with more hook shaped acromion
  • Overuse and inflammation
Term
Rotator Cuff Tear
Definition
  • Supraspinatus most common due to a zone of hypovascularity
  • Increased risk with abnormal acromion process
  • Common causes
    • High velocity trauma
      • baseball
      • blow to arm while abducted and externally rotated (while throwing)
    • Overuse/Degeneration
      • WC athletes 
      • Swimmers
      • Repetitive overhead activities
  • Rotator Cuff Tear --> loss of GH stability and a resulting unstable shoulder
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