Term
| What is the infectious form of Chlamydia? |
|
Definition
Elementary body (EB)
The extracellular form |
|
|
Term
| How is Chlamydia trachomatis? |
|
Definition
| Divided into 17 based on major outer membrane proteins (MOMPs) |
|
|
Term
| How is Chlamydia trachomatis cultured? |
|
Definition
McCoy, HeLa, monkey kidney cells
Disrupt host cells
Use shell vial culture
Incuabte at 37C for 48-72 hours |
|
|
Term
| How is Chlamydophila pneumoniae cultured? |
|
Definition
Sputums are unacceptable
Swab oropharynx
Use HL or HEp-2 |
|
|
Term
| What diseases does Chlamydia trachomatis cause? |
|
Definition
Trachoma
Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV)
Genital infections
Inclusion conjunctivitis
Newborn infections |
|
|
Term
1.What serotypes of Chlamydia trachomatis cause trachoma?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Where do most cases of Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever occur?
|
|
Definition
Southeastern states and Oklahoma
|
|
|
Term
What does Rickettsia rickettsii cause and what is the vector?
|
|
Definition
Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Ticks
|
|
|
Term
What does Rickettsia akari cause and what is the vector?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What does Rickettsia prowazekii cause and what is the vector?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What does Rickettsia typhi cause and what is the vector?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What does Orientia tsutsugemushi cause and what is the vector?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What does Ehrlichia chaffeensis cause and what is the vector?
|
|
Definition
Human monocytic ehrliciosis
Ticks
|
|
|
Term
What does Anaplasma phagocytophilum cause and what is the vector?
|
|
Definition
Human granulocytic anaplasmosis
Ticks
|
|
|
Term
What is the Weil-Felix test?
|
|
Definition
Used to diagnose Rickettsia
Uses agglutination of P. vulgaris
Must be confirmed by IFA, EIA, latex agglutination, complement fixation or Western blot
|
|
|
Term
How are Rickettsial diseases diagnosed?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What media are Mycoplasma cultured with and what must be added?
|
|
Definition
Methylene blue glucose biphasic media
Biphasic SP 4
A7 or A8 agars
New York City medium
Sterols must be added
|
|
|
Term
What metabolic substrates do the Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasma use?
|
|
Definition
M. pneumoniae ferments glucose to lactic acid
M. hominis uses arginine
U. urealyticum uses urea
|
|
|
Term
How is M. pneumoniae incubated?
|
|
Definition
37C in ambient air for 4 weeks
|
|
|
Term
How are the M. hominis and U. realyticum incubated?
|
|
Definition
Broths: 37C in ambient air for 7 days
Agars: 37C in 5% CO2 or anaerobically for 2-5 days
|
|
|
Term
What is the reservoir for the Mycoplasmas and Ureaplasma?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the etiologic agent of Relapsing Fever?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is the etiologic agent of Lyme Disease?
|
|
Definition
Borrelia burgdorferi complex transmitted by the Ixodes tick
|
|
|
Term
What are the characteristics of nontreponemal antibodies?
|
|
Definition
Made against cellular lipids
Almost always in syphillus patients but also in other diseases
Levels fluctuate with the disease
|
|
|
Term
What are the nontreponemal antibodies used for and what are the tests?
|
|
Definition
Used to screen for syphilis, monitor therapy and detect reinfections
RPR and VDRL
|
|
|
Term
What are the characteristics of the treponemal antibodies?
|
|
Definition
Specific and usually persist for life
|
|
|
Term
What are the treponemal antibodies used for and what are the tests?
|
|
Definition
Used to confirm a positive screen
FTA-ABS and MHA-TP
|
|
|
Term
What specimens are used for leptospirosis?
|
|
Definition
First week – blood and CSF
Later – urine
|
|
|
Term
What are the two kinds of leptospirosis?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What is Icteric leptospirosis also known as?
|
|
Definition
|
|
