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Review: Mycobacteriology
Final review for Heckendorn
30
Microbiology
Undergraduate 4
04/28/2011

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the two kindsof media used for mycobacteria?
Definition

Agar based: Middlebrook

Egg based: Lowenstein-Jensen and ATS medium

Term
Do mycobacteria grow faster with liquid or solid media?
Definition

Liquid (~10 days)

Solid must be held 8 weeks

Term
Which mycobacteria is the tap water bacillus?
Definition
M. gordonae
Term
What causes swimming pool granuloma?
Definition
M. marinum
Term
What does NaOH do to contaminated specimens?
Definition
Decontaminate and is mucolytic agent
Term
What does N-acetyl-L-cysteine do to contaminated specimens?
Definition
Liquefying agent
Term
What does Sputolysin-oxalic acid do to contaminated specimens?
Definition

Sputolysin is a liquefying agent

Oxalic acid is a decontaminate

Term
What mycobacterial infections commonly affect AIDS patients?
Definition

M. avium complex

TB

M. haemopilum

M. abscessus

Term
What are the different acid staining methods?
Definition

Ziehl-Neelsen

Kinyoun

Fluorochrome

Term
What kind of stain is the Ziehl-Neelsen stain and what counterstain is used?
Definition

Hot carbolfuchsin stan

Methylene blue

Term
What kind of stain is the Kinyoun stain and what counterstain is used?
Definition

Cold carbolfuchison stain

Brillant green stain

Term
What are the two fluorochrome stains used?
Definition

Rhodamine

Rhodamine-auramine

Term
Which are more specific: fuchinson or fluorochome stains?
Definition
Fluorochrome
Term
What is the Runyon classification?
Definition
Classifies nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) based on pigmentation and growth speed
Term
What are the four groups in the Runyon classification?
Definition

1. Photochromagens

2. Scotochromagens

3. Nonchromagens

4. Rapid Growers

Term
What mycobacteria are photochromagens?
Definition

M. kansasii

M. marinum

Term
What mycobacteria are scotochromagens?
Definition

M. szulgai

M. scrofulaceum

M. gordonae

Term
What mycobacteria are nonchromagens?
Definition

M. avium complex

M. xenopi

M. ulcerans

M. haemophilum

Term
What mycobacteria are rapid growers?
Definition

M. fortuitom

M. chelonae

M. abscessus

Term
What are the possible kinds of TB infection?
Definition

Asymptomatic primary

Symptomatic primary

Secondary TB

Term
Which kind of primary TB infection is most common?
Definition
Asymptomatic
Term
What are the characteristics of asymptomatic primary TB infection?
Definition

Involves lungs and regional lymph nodes

Caseous granulomas called tubercles form

Term
What are the characteristics of symptomatic primary TB infections?
Definition

Involves lungs, lymph nodes and other organs

Granulomas cavitate

More common in kids, the elderly and the immunocompromised

Term
What are the characteristics of secondary TB infections?
Definition

It's the usual form of infection

Pulmonary involvement is common

 

Term
What is milliary TB?
Definition
Disseminated TB infection
Term
What is the causative agent of leprosy and how is it cultured?
Definition

M. leprae

Can't be cultured in vitro

Can be grown in armadillos and the footpads of mice

Term
What nucleic acid tests are used to ID cultured mycobacteria?
Definition

DNA probes for hybridization

PCR and RFLP

Term
What are the two drugs used to treat TB?
Definition
Rifampin and Isoniazid
Term
How should mycobacteria be cultured?
Definition

In the dark at 35C in 5-10% CO2 and high humidity

Discard negatives after 8 weeks

Term
When would you incubate mycobacteria at 25-30C?
Definition

Incubating a skin sample

Trying to recover M. haemophilum

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