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Psychology Flash Card Review
17
Psychology
Not Applicable
04/05/2010

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Term
A separate sensory store for each sensory system (vision, hearing, etc.) holds brief traces of all information registered by that system.

Unconscious processes may operate on these traces to decide which information pass on to working memory.
Definition
Sensory Memory
Term
This store is where conscious mental work takes place on information brought in from sensory memory and long-term memory.

It is also called short-term memory because information no longer attended to quickly disappears from it.
Definition
Working Memory
Term
This is the repository of all that a person knows.

Information here is dormant, being actively processed only when it is brought into working memory.
Definition
Long-term Memory
Term
Attention brings information from sensory memory into working memory.

Encoding brings information from working memory into long-term memory.

Retrieval brings information from long-term memory into working memory.
Definition
Control Processes
Term
Type of sensory memory from visual stimuli
Definition
Iconic
Term
Memory based on the sensory perception of sound.
Definition
Echoic Memory
Term
Type of long-term memory in which we store memories of fact (subdivided into semantic and episodic memory)
Definition
Explicit Memory (see declarative memory)
Term
Type of long-term memory in which we store memories of fact (e.g., birth dates, historical dates)
Definition
Declarative Memory (see explicit memory)
Term
Type of long-term, declarative memory in which we store memories of personal experiences that are tied to particular times and places (e.g., "last night I went to a 9:00 movie") Also comprised of eye-witness testimony. Is susceptible to subsequent events like questioning, reading the newspaper, talking to others about the event.
Definition
Episodic Memory
Term
Type of long-term memory in which we store general world knowledge like facts, ideas, words, problem solving, etc.
Definition
Semantic Memory
Term
Long-term memory involves recollection of skills, things you know how to do, preferences, etc? (e.g., riding a bicycle)
Definition
Implicit (also known as nondeclarative) Memory
Term
The process of breaking down sensed information into a form we understand and getting it into the memory system for storage and later retrieval.
Definition
Encoding
Term
We forget most of what we learn withing the first day if it does not have any specific importance to us. Nonsense words.
Definition
Ebbinghaus's Curve
Term
A way of organizing information into familiar groupings.
Definition
Chunking
Term
Memory aids. Anything you do (any technique you use) to help you remember something. (e.g., "Emma has a dilemma" is considered to be one, if you use it to remember how to spell "dilemma")
Definition
Mnemonic
Term
Type of forgetting that occurs when memories fade over time. Does NOT apply to Long Term Memory, but rather sensory storage and Short Term Memory.
Definition
Decay
Term
Forgetting occurs because the recall of certain items intereferes with the recall of other items. This theory tries to explain slower learning and poorer memory.
Definition
Interference
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