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Respiratory
Vocabulary
54
Nursing
Not Applicable
02/06/2012

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Inspiration
Definition
Breathing In
Term
Expiration
Definition

Breathing out

CO2

Term
Hypoxemia
Definition
Deficient oxygen in the blood
Term
Paroxysmal Coughing
Definition

Series of expiratory coughs after deep inspiration.

 

(Commonly seen in Whooping cough or aspiration)

Term
Tachypnea
Definition
Increased respiratory rate
Term
Anoxia
Definition
Lack of O2 in cells
Term
Retractions
Definition

Upper airway obstruction: supraclavicular, substernal spaces draw in

 

Lower airway: intercostal and subcostal spaces draw in

Term
Hypoxia
Definition

Decreased O2 to cells

(Seem restless and anxious)

Term
Cyanosis
Definition

Blue tinge to skin due to hypoxia

 

(Apparent when PO2 under 40 mm/Hg or hemoglobin down to 3g/100 mL)

Term
Clubbing
Definition

Change in angle of fingernail due to increased capillary growth when body tries to increase oxygen to distal body cells

 

Term
Adventitious sounds
Definition

Extra or abnormal breath sounds.

Nose or pharynx obstruction=rhonchi (snoring)

Larynx or base of tongue obstruction = stridor (harsh on inspiration)

Lower trachea or bronchioles = wheezing (expiration

Fluid filled alveoli = rales (crackles)

Term
Pigeon breast
Definition

Air trapped in alveoli

(elongated anteroposterior diameter of chest)

Causes hyperresonant sound on percussion

Term
ABG's
Definition

Arterial blood gases

The amount of oxygen, carbon dioxide and pH in the blood.

Term
Po2
Definition

Arterial partial pressure of O2

normal = 80-100 mm Hg

Term
PCO2
Definition

Partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood

Normal = 35-45 mm Hg

Term
O2 Saturation
Definition

The percentage of hemoglobin carrying O2

Normal 95%-100%

Term
pH
Definition

The hydrogen ion concentration of blood

Normal is 7.35 - 7.45

Term
HCO3
Definition

Bicarbonate concentration in blood.

Normal is 22-26 mEq/L

Term
Base excess
Definition

Bicarbonate available for buffering.

Normal = -2.5 - +2.5 mEq/L

Term
Respiratory Alkalosis
Definition
Caused by hyperventilation
Term
Respiratory alkalosis
Definition

rapid breathing

confusion

plasma pH above 7.45

urine ph above 7

PCO2 below 40 mm Hg

HCO3 initially normal but compensates below 20 mEq/L

Term
Respiratory acidosis
Definition

shallow breathing

confusion, disorientation

plasma pH below 7.35

urine pH below 6

PCO2 above 40 mm Hg

HCO3 initially normal but once compensated, above 25 mEq/L

Term
Expectorants
Definition
Pharmacologic that liquifies mucous
Term
CPT
Definition

Chest physiotherapy

(postural drainage, percussion and vibration)

Term
Tracheostomy
Definition
Opening in the trachea to create an artificial airway to relieve obstruction above that point.
Term
Tracheotomy
Definition
Surgery to create traceostomy.
Term
Choanal Atresia
Definition
Congenital obstruction of the posterior nares by a membrane or bony growth.
Term
Acute nasopharyngitis
Definition
common cold
Term
Tonsillitis
Definition
infection and inflammation of the palatine tonsils
Term
Adenitis
Definition
infection and inflammation of the adenoid tonsils
Term
Tonsillectomy
Definition
Removal of palatine tonsils
Term
Adenoidectomy
Definition
Removal of pharyngeal tonsils
Term
Epstaxis
Definition

Nose bleed

(keep in upright position, head tilted forward, apply pressure to sides of nose)

Term
Sinusitis
Definition

infection and inflammation of sinus cavities.

(antipyretic, analgesia, antibiotic, warm compresses)

Term
Laryngitis
Definition

Inflammation of the larynx

(rest voice for 24 hours)

Term
Congenital laryngomalacia/Tracheomalacia
Definition

laryngeal structure is weaker andcollapses on inspiration

(Hear stridor)

Term
Laryngotrachealbronchitis
Definition
Croup (inflammation of the larynx, trachea, and major bronchi)
Term
Epiglottitis
Definition

inflammation of the epiglottis

(viral or bacterial)

Term
Aspiration
Definition
inhalation of a foreign object into airway
Term
Bronchial obstruction
Definition
Object lodged in right main bronchus due to larger size
Term
Influenza
Definition

Causes inflammation and infection of the major airways

(couch, fever, malaise, aching pains, sore throat)

(Need antipyretic and TamiFlu)

Term
Bronchitis
Definition
Inflammation of the major bronchi and trachea
Term
Bronchiolitis
Definition
Inflamation of the bronchioles and small bronchi
Term
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis
Definition

pathogenic RNA virus

(give O2 and hydration therapy)

May be prevented by RSV-IVIG and Palivizumab

Term
Asthma
Definition

hypersensitive response (includes bronchospasm, inflammation of bronchial mucosa, and increased se

cretions.

(Wheezing)

Treat: intranasal corticosteroid, bronchodilator, beta 2 agonist, mast cell stabilizer, leukotriene receptor antagonist

Term
Status Asthmaticus
Definition
Asthma attack that fails to respond to treatment
Term
Bronchiectasis
Definition
dilation and plugging of bronchi
Term
Pneumonia
Definition
infection and inflammation of alveoli
Term
Atelectasis
Definition
Collapse of alveoli
Term
Pneumothorax
Definition
Atmospheric air in pleural space
Term
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Definition
chronic pulmonary involvement mainly in infants who had acute respiratory distress.
Term
Tuberculosis
Definition
highly infectious pulmonary disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis
Term
Cystic Fibrosis
Definition

autosomal inherited disease

Pancreas full of mucous-does not function correctly, in lungs mucous pools in bronchioles.electrolyte composition of sweat changes

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