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Respiratory drugs
N/A
44
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 3
10/09/2011

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Cards

Term
Anticholinergic drug names
Definition
Ipatropium
Tiotropium
Atropine
Term
Anticholinergics are the first line in which disease?
Definition
COPD
Term
Anticholinergics are used via
Definition
Nebulizer and inhaler
Term
Anticholinergics are used as PRN or schedule dosing?
Definition
Scheduled dosing
Term
Anticholinergics have a faster or slower onset than beta agonist?
Definition
Slower
Term
For chronic COPD use:
Definition
Ipatropium and a short acting beta2 agonist as a rescue inhaler

If still not under contol also add a long acting beta 2 agonist
Term
Beta 2 agonist drug names
Definition
Albuterol
Levalbuterol
Salmeterol
Term
Beta 2 agonist is the 1st choice in what bc why?
Definition
Acute exacerbations bc of the quick onset
Term
Beta 2 is used as PRN or scheduled?
Definition
PRN
Term
When exercising use beta 2 when?
Definition
Immediately before exercise
Term
Methylxanthines drug name
Definition
Theophylline
Term
Methylxanthines are used to treat what?
Scheduled or PRN?
Definition
COPD
Scheduled
Term
Monitor other drugs taken while taking methylxanthines bc it is a:
Definition
Narrow therapeutic index drug
Term
Glucocorticoid drug names
Definition
Methylorednisone
Hydrocortisone
Cortisone
Corticosteroids
Dexamethasone
Triamcinolone
Neclomethasone
Flunisolide
Term
Glucocorticoid routes
Which drugs go with which route?
Definition
IV- methylprednisone, hydrocortisone, cortisone, dexamethasone
PO- hydrocortisone, prednisone, methylprednisone
Inhaler- triamcinolone, neclomethasone, flunisolide
Term
When inhaling glucocorticoids always:
Definition
Wash mouth after use to avoid getting thrush
Term
Glucocorticoids are used as PRN or fixed schedule
Short term or long term?
Definition
Fixed schedule
Long term
Term
Asthma drugs are mainly given via
Definition
Inhalers
Term
Metered dose inhalers drug names and description
Definition
Chlorofluorocarbons
Hydrofluoalkane
Albuterol

Release a fixed amount of drug
Only 10% reach the lungs
Term
Dry powder inhalers drugs and description
Definition
Salmeterol/ fluticasone

Delivers dry powder directly to the lungs
Term
Nebulizer drug names and description
Definition
Albuterol
Ipatropium

Converts drug solution into a mist
Term
Why use a beta 2 agonist 5 minutes before a glucocort?
Definition
The beta 2 will open the lungs so the glucocort can penetrate deeper
Term
Drugs for asthma:
Definition
Main:
Glucocort
Cromalyn

Others:
Methylxanthines
Anticholinergic
Leukotreine modifier
Monoclonal antibobody
Term
1st line drug in moderate- severe asthma
Used how often?
Definition
Inhaled glucocorts
Used daily not PRN
Term
Dose of oral glucocort
Definition
Start at high dose- then go lower
Term
All oral beta 2 are long or short acting?
Definition
Long acting
Term
Most inhaled beta 2 are long or short acting?

... Except?
Definition
Most are short
Except salmeterol and formoterol
Term
Albuterol patient teaching
Definition
Stop smoking
Avoid caffeine
Rinse after use
Do not add drugs (OTC)
Term
Inhaled long acting beta 2 should be given in combo with:
Definition
Glucocort

Not 1st line of tx
Term
Mast cell stabilizer drug name
Definition
Cromolyn
Term
Cromolyn patient teaching
Definition
Inc fluid intake
Take at regular intervals
Take for 2-4 weeks
Not for acute attacks
Use with steroid inhaler
Term
Theophylline is given____ and not___
Definition
Given orally, not inhaled
Term
Adverse effects of theophylline
Definition
Life threatening
Respiratory arrest, ventricular tachycardia
Has a therapeutic index
Term
Drugs in TB
Definition
1- isoniazid
2- rifampin
3- pyrizinamide
4- ethambutol or Aminoglycoside- streptomycin
Term
Isoniazid tx time and route
Definition
Given for 6-9 months daily or twice weekly
PO or IM
Term
Isoniazid rules of food
Definition
Take on empty stomach and with no ETOH
Term
Rifampin route
Definition
PO
IV
Daily
Term
Pyrazinamide route
Definition
PO daily or 2x/ week
Term
Ethambutol route and rule with food
Definition
PO 2x/week
Take with food
Term
Streptomycin route and adverse effects
Definition
IM or IV
Tinnitus, nephrotoxicity, hepatoxicity
Term
Isoniazid adverse effects
Definition
Depletes pyridoxine (B6) causing peripheral neuropathy
Term
Rifampin treats:
Definition
TB and meningitis
Term
Rifampin patient teaching
Definition
Avoid ETOH
Alternative form of contraception
Take on empty stomach
Term
Anitleukotreine and mast cell stabilizers inhibit:
Definition
CYTP450
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