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Reproductive system - Male A&P/disorders
A & P and disorders of the male reproductive system
133
Nursing
Professional
08/17/2010

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Which is true about vasectomy?

 

A) Vas deferens are ligated and cut

B) Involves surgical incision of epididymis

C) Involves surgical incision of seminal vesicle

D) Client will not be able to ejaculate afterwards

Definition
A) Vas deferens are ligated and cut
Term
Where do sperm cells mature?
Definition
Epididymis
Term

Male puberty occurs during approximately which age range?

 

A) 8-12

B) 12-16

C) 15-19

D) 18-22

Definition
B) 12-16
Term
The testes decend into the scrotum by way of the ___
Definition
Inguinal canal
Term
Surgical removal of the forskin
Definition
Circumcision
Term
Pubescent boys may experience penile erection and spontaneous ejaculation of semen during sleep.  This is known as
Definition
Nocturnal emissions
Term
Semen normally contains how many sperm per mL?
Definition
60-100 million
Term

Sperm survive better and have more motility in a medium that has a pH of

 

A) 3.7

B) 5.9

C) 7.0

D) 8.2

Definition
D) 8.2
Term
The mature sperm contains how many chromosomes?
Definition
23
Term

Ejaculatory fluid contains

 

A) Semen

B) Alkaline secretions

C) Mucus

D) All of the above

Definition
D) All of the above
Term
How does the scrotum protect the testes?
Definition
Keeps the temperature of the testes less than the rest of the body.  This prevents decreased sperm production.
Term

All of the following changes in the pubescent male can occur with secretion of testosterone except

 

A) Protein anabolism

B) Decreased muscle mass

C) Deepening of the voice

D) Axillary and pubic hair growth

 

Definition
B) Decreased muscle mass
Term
What are the two main purposes of the reproductive system?
Definition
  1. Continuation of the species
  2. Passing of genetic information from parent to child
Term
What is the combined effort of both internal and external structures?
Definition
sexual reproduction
Term

Sexual reproduction is (select all that apply):

 

  1. An independent process
  2. A dependent process
  3. Involves the reproductive system of the female
  4. Involves the reproductive system of the male
  5. Requires the effort of internal structures
  6. Requires the effort of external structures
Definition
All except #1
Term
Process in which a mother cell divides into 2 identical daughter cells
Definition
mitosis
Term
At the cellular level, it is responsible for the body's growth, repair and replacement of injured and dead tissues
Definition
mitosis
Term

Method by which daughter cells contain exactly half the # of chromosomes of the mother cell

 

A) Cell division

B) Mitosis

C) Meiosis

D) Genetic mutation

E) Reproduction

F) Fertilization

Definition
C) meiosis
Term
What does the male reproductive process require that the female reproductive process does not?
Definition
sexual excitement
Term
Why did Michael Jackson look so much like Janet?
Definition
His testes weren't functioning.
Term
What are the functional units of the testes? (No, it's not the nephron)
Definition
seminiferous tubules
Term
Where are the seminiferous tubules?
Definition
in each lobule of the testes
Term
What's that thing that looks sorta like a legless rat sleeping on top of each testicle?
Definition
epididymis
Term
A guy's sperm can't swim 'cause they haven't matured.  What's the likely cause?
Definition
Something wrong with his epididymis
Term
Guy has mature sperm, but they can't get to the ejaculatory duct.  Why's that?
Definition
He probably had a vasectomy.
Term
What structure does the vas deferens pass over on its way into the pelvic cavity?
Definition
bladder
Term
about 18 inches long
Definition

vas deferens

 

 

 

(Don't even try to say it Olaniyi!)

Term
Vas deferens + blood vessels + lymph vessels + nerves + connective tissue = ?
Definition
spermatic cord
Term
The spermatic cord is comprised of how many components?
Definition
5
Term
What is the site where the testicles descend into the scrotum before birth?
Definition
Inguinal canal
Term
When soft tissue - usually a part of the intestine - protrudes through a weak point in the abdominal wall
Definition
inguinal hernia
Term
It is the site where the testicles descend into the scrotum before birth
Definition
inguinal canal
Term
Ty is thinking about getting fixed, but he afraid the procedure will affect his "manhood". What do you tell him?

A) He has nothing to lose.
B) He'll need to get a pump afterwards.
C) His orgasms will be dry, but otherwise the same.
D) He shouldn't notice any difference.
Definition
A (just kidding)

D) No noticable difference. Orgasm and ejaculation will look and feel the same; there just won't be any sperm in the semen.
Term

Ejaculatory fluid:

 

A) is azardous to Carolee's health

B) is semen

C) includes secretions from the prostate and bulbourethral glands

D) Provides a protective acidic environment for sperm

 

Definition

C

 

it's actually an alkaline environment

Term
All of the following can adversely affect spermatogenesis except:

A) wearing Nicole's underwear
B) hot tubbing with Ngok
C) nude skiing with Matt
E) Following the x-ray tech around all day
F) beer
Definition
F) beer

All it does is make 'em swim crooked
Term
What is the site of erections? A) Large vascular channels B) Playboy channel C) Spermatogenesis D) The inguinal canal
Definition
A) Blood fills large vascula channels
Term
What is the cause of flacidity?

A) Excessive sodium intake
B) Decreased blood flow to the penile sinuses
C) Depends on the disease process
D) Forskin constricts around the head of the penis
Definition
B) Decreased blood flow to the penile sinuses
Term
Reasons for circumcision include all except:

A) religious
B) cultural
C) medical
D) ethical
Definition
D) ethical
Term
epidydimitis may be suspected by which of the following events?

A) positive cremasteric reflex
B) impotence
C) negative cremasteric reflex
D) altered spermatogenesis
Definition
C) negative cremasteric reflex
Term
All of the following are expected components of semen except:

A) sperm
B) nutrients
C) citric acid
D) coagulation proteins
E) prostaglandins
F) Bulbourethral mucous
G) None of the above: all are present in semen
Definition
G
Term
What organ is responsible for extending sperm motility?

A) testes
B) penis
C) urethra
D) prostrate
Definition
D) prostrate

adds alkaline secretions to neutralize the female's acidic enviroment (naturally!)
Term
Correct the following sequence.

1. Testes 2. epididymis 3. seminal vesicle 4. ductus eferens 5. ejaclatory duct 6. inguinal canal 7. urethra 8. out.
Definition
1 - 2 - 4 - 3 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8

ductus deferens before seminal vesicle
Term
Correct the following sequence.

1. Testes 2. ductus eferens 3. seminal vesicle
4. prostate 5. epididymis 6. inguinal canal
7. urethra 8. out.
Definition
1 - 5 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 6 - 7 - 8
Term
Put the following events in the correct order:

1) Into the ductus deferens
2) Through the urethra
3) Through the inguinal canal
4) Up past the testes into the abdomen
5) Down the back of the bladder
6) Through the seminiferous tubules
7) Into the seminal vesicle
8) Out the testes
9) Ejaculatory duct through the prostrate
10) into the epididymis
Definition
8 - 6 - 10 - 1 - 4 - 5 - 7 - 9 - 3 - 2
Term
What is the age of puberty?
Definition
12-16
Term
Who had more estrogen in their blood 12 years ago - Ngok or Jeremy?
Definition
NEITHER.
Term
All of the following ar secondary sex characteristics of the male except:

A) development of a beard and pubic and axillary hair.
B) His body becomes broader in the shoulders and remains narrow in the hips.
C) His voice deepens.
D) Protein anabolism increases.
E) None. All are secondary sex characteristics
Definition
D) protein anabolism increases.

This actually does happen, but it is not considered a secondary sex characteristic.
Term
The secretion of hormones is stimulated by what organ?
Definition
Hypothalamus

The gonads do the producing, but only when stimulated by the hypothalamus
Term
What hormone stimulates the formation of sperm?
Definition
FSH
Term
Testosterone is:

A) Ron's biggest weakness
B) what made Olaniyi so tall
C) an androgen
D) secreted by the hypothalamus
Definition
C) an androgen
Term
Testosterone is:

A) the reason for Olaniyi's deep voice
B) the reason Nicole's so short
C) non-existent in Ngok
D) the reason for Matt's thinning hair
Definition
A) deep voice

voice drop in males is a secondary sex characteristic affected by testosterone.

Even females have some testosterone, just not as much
Term
nomenclature for the developing male sex cell
Definition
1. spermatogonia
2. spermatocyte
3. spermatid
4. spermatazoa
Term
Spermazoa reach maturity

A) by birth
B) in 24 hrs
C) in 3 days
D) in 2 months
E) during puberty
Definition
D) in 2 months

Millions develop each day, which are stored in the epidydimis until mature and motile.
Term
When does spermatogenesis occur?

A) when the sperm meets the egg
B) during pubescence
C) right before ejaculation
D) throughout the adult male's life
Definition
D) throughout the adult male's life.

Begins about age 13, and continues till death.
Term
Sperm formation is stimulated by what hormone?

A) testosterone
B) FSH
C) LH
D) ICSH
Definition
B) FSH
Term
Where are sperm stored?
Definition
Term
Where are the chromosomes found?

A) acrosome
B) head
C) neck
D) body
Definition
B) head
Term
How many chromosomes in a sperm?
Definition
23
Term
Which is a normal sperm count?

A) 50 million/ml
B) 75 million/ml
C) 125 million/ml
D) 600 million/ml
Definition
B) 75 million/ml

60-100 M/ml
Term
Which is the lowest sperm count considered as a reasonable chance for concption?

A) 60M/ml
B) 25M/ml
C) 12M/ml
D) 9M/ml
Definition
C) 12M/ml

Threshold is 10-20 M/ml
Term
Amount ofsemen ejaculated:
Definition
2-5ml
Term
Accumulation of sperm cells and secretions in the urethra
Definition
emission
Term
Nervous impulses from the spinal cord and brain cause vasodilation, leading to _________.
Definition
erection
Term
Inability to achieve an erection is called
Definition
impotence
Term
As a man ages, sperm counts decrease and difficulty achieving and maintaining an erection are the result of:

A) degeneration of the testicles
B) a disease process, as this is not normal for males
C) decreased testosterone levels
D) enlargement of the prostate
Definition
C) lower testosterone levels

While male function and fertility are never shut down completely in the healthy male, they will slowly decline.
Term
A clinical condition at birth that can increase testicular temperatures and decrease sperm production
Definition
cryptochidism
Term
Complication of mumps that may lead to sterility
Definition
orchitis
Term
Two main factors of reproduction affected by testosterone levels
Definition
sperm production & libido
Term
The doctor just completed a rectal/digital exam. What else would you expect to see ordered?
Definition
PSA (prostate specific antigen)
Term
Ron is 38. How much longer before he should get the "trauma handshake?"
Definition
12 years

"trauma handshake" is slang for a digital rectal exam
Term
Client PSA result comes back high. What is likely to be the next order?
Definition
Free PSA

to determine if high PSA secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer
Term
NPTT tests relate to what function?

A) erections
B) blood clotting
C) impotence
D) arterial/venous problems of the penis
Definition
A) erections

specifically, the Nocturnal Penile Tumescence Test helps determine nightime erections (frequency and duration)
Term
Test used to help detect vascular problems with the penis
Definition
Duplex Doppler Ultrasonography
Term
Duplex Doppler Ultrasonography involves the use of:

A) an x-ray
B) a contrast medium
C) a vasodilator
D) all of the above
Definition
C) a vasodilator

It's an ultrasound, not an x-ray. Ultrasounds are not enhanced by contrast media
Term
Common nursing diagnoses connected to most male reproductive disorders include all of the following except

A) Pain related to prolonged erection
B) Fear related to poor prognosis
C) Knowledge deficit related to STE
D) Ineffective sexual patterns related to ED
Definition
A) pain related to prolonged erection

It may be a valid NDx for priapism, but it is not connected to MOST disorders.
Term
How is prostaglandin taken?
Definition
It's an intraurethral suppository
Term
How is Pavabid taken?
Definition
It's injected into the penis
Term
How is sildenafil citrate taken?
Definition
orally
Term
Tactile factors cause a _____________, which leads to erection.
Definition
spinal reflex arc
Term
Penile implants: teaching
Definition
avoid sexual contact until the site heals
Term
Penile implants: basic types
Definition
- malleable: perma-erection
- inflatable: uses a pump
Term
Penile revascularization: consideration
Definition
rarely works
Term
abnormally persistent erection with sexual stimulation
Definition
priapism
Term
Priapism: defined
Definition
abnormal and persistent erection with sexual stimulation.
Term
Priapism affects

A) corpora cavermosa
B) corpus spongiosum
C) glans penis
D) all of the above
Definition
A) corpora cavernosa
Term
Priapism: treatments
Definition
- phenylephrine injection into corpos cavernosum
- cavernostomy
- cpinal/caudal anesthesia
- anticoagulation if used immediately
Term
Which treatment for proapism is effective only if used immediately?
Definition
anticoagulation
Term
Which treatment for priapism is used to reverse the process?
Definition
phenylephrine injection
Term
Which treatment for priapism uses a butterfly needle AND irrigation?
Definition
cavernostomy
Term
Which treatment for priapism is also used to prevent acute surgical pain?
Definition
spinal/caudal anesthesia
Term
Which vaginal pH is most viable for sperm?

A) 3.7
B) 6.9
C) 7
D) 8.5
Definition
D) 8.5
Term
Number of chromosomes in a zygote
Definition
46
Term
Which of the following is NOT a result of declining testosterone levels?

A) lower sperm production
B) lower muscle mass
C) lower libido
D) None: all are affected
Definition
B

muscle mass is NOT diminished by lowered testosterone levels
Term
A common prostrate procedure among the elderly
Definition
Trans-Urethral Resection of the Prostrate (TURP)
Term
TURP: process
Definition
resectoscope through urethra to prostate.  Cutting edge slices away prostate piece-by-piece
Term
TURP: complications
Definition

URINARY RETENTION

hemorrhage

stress incontinence

erectile dysfunction

Term
TURP: Post-op nursing
Definition

Anti-embolism stockings

early ambulation

Increase fluids

Monitor I/O

Monitor triple lumen for kinks, blockage

Report signs of fresh bleeding

Term
Continuous bladder irrigation: purpose
Definition
washes out blood before it can become a clot
Term
Intermittent bladder irrigation: purpose
Definition
Washes out clots that plug the catheter.
Term
When to stop irrigation
Definition

- complaint of bladder fullness

- urinary urgency

- flank pain

- drainage from TURP tube stops

Term
If CBI needs to be stopped, what will likely be the next step?
Definition
manual irrigation (if ordered)
Term
TURP has been done, catheter has been removed. What's the next likely complication?
Definition
Retention

(incontinence is also possible)
Term
Radiation therapy: common complication
Definition
Rectal/anal inflammation
Term
Radiation therapy: nursing care
Definition

- monitor for skin breakdown

- low-residue diet

- anti-diarrhea meds

 

Purpose: reduce irritation to perineal area

Term
Inflammation of the testes
Definition
orchitis
Term
orchitis: risk factors
Definition

mumps after puberty

injury

Term
condition in which the urethral opening (meatus) is too low
Definition
hypospadias
Term
condition in which the urethral opening is too high
Definition

epispadias

 

Note: can occur with females

Term
Boy's primary hormones
Definition

testosterone

FSH

Term
Girl's primary hormones
Definition
estrogen and FSH
Term
Where sperm mature
Definition
epididymis
Term
Tortion: s/sx
Definition

Acute scrotal pain

cremasteric reflex diminished or absent

Term
cremasteric reflex explained
Definition
stroke the superior medial part of thigh.  Testicle on that side should pull up.
Term
Testicular cancer: risk factors
Definition

Age 20-34

smoking

undescended testicles

not sexually active

Term
donut shaped mm'r gland below the bladder,surrounds the neck of the urethra as the urethra emerges from the bladder
Definition
prostate gland
Term
adds alkaline secrretions to the semen to increase spearm motility
Definition
prostate gland
Term
Time of life when androgens(male H) & estrogens (femaleH) ARE SAME in every person.
Definition
pre-puberty/pre-pubescence
Term
pathway of the sperm
Definition
from the epididymis-ductus deferens-joins the seminal vesicle-ejaculatory duct thru the prostate-thru the inguinal canal-urethra-expelled outside the body.
Term
what is the age of puberty for males?
Definition
12-16yrs
Term
what are some of the secondary sex characteristics that appear in males?
Definition
beard,pubic/axillary hair,increased hair growth over the body.increased mammary development so their bodies have braoder shoulders & narrower hips,voice deppens.
Term
functions of testosterone(3)
Definition
1. promote secondary sex characteristics
2. maintaining functioning of male accessory organs.
3. stimulate protein anabolism:men have stronger/larger musculature than women
Term
what is the function of spermatogenesis?
Definition
formation of mature & functional spermatozoa which occurs from age 13 & continues throughout life.This occurs in the male gonads stimulated by the H testosterone.Will NOT occur if testes is too warm or too cold.sperms are male GAMETES.
Term
Head of sperm contains __ chromosomes.
Definition
23.
Term
number of sperms contained in the ejaculatory duct per ml
Definition
60-100M
Term
what is impotence?
Definition
inability to achieve an erection
Term
what is secretion?
Definition
it is from the male glands,it lubricates the passageway for semen & also the tip of the penis.
Term
what is emmision?
Definition
accumulation of sperm cells & secretions in the urethra.
Term
what is ejaculation?
Definition
forceful expulsion of the sperm cells from the ejaculatory ducts thru the urethra.
Term
orgasm
Definition
physical/emotional pleasurable sensation that occurs at the climax of sexual intercourse.in men, this is accomplished by ejaculation
Term
what is the nursing implication of decreased testosterone level?
Definition
inform patient that this is normal;provide counselling if needed.
Term
complications of the enlargement of the prostate gland.
Definition
it may be malignant/benign
it may cause problem voiding
Term
nursing teaching for enlargement of the prostate gland.
Definition
encourage self testicular exam,medical exam,PSA
Term
sticky,alkaline yellowish substance that contains nutrients,citric acid,coagulation proteins,prostaglandins
Definition
semen
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