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RELIGION FINAL
Journey Through the New Testament
99
Religious Studies
10th Grade
06/03/2010

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Term

27

Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, The New Testament Letters, Revelation

Definition
How many books are in the New Testament? What are they?
Term
Astrology
Definition
the relative locations an dmovements of the heavenly bodies give insight into "nature" and these human lives
Term
Christian
Definition
A.D. 64, Rome's official name for followers of Jesus
Term
Cynics
Definition
all of life's physical pleasures are evil and need to be avoided
Term
Dead Sea Scrolls
Definition
were found in eleven caves west and north of Qumran; fragments from almost every book of the Old Testament; contain information of the lifestyles of the Jewish people and Essenes
Term
Demeter (Ceres)
Definition
goddess who taught how to grow wheat; her daughter gets kidnapped by Hades which causes first winter; daughter ate 4 pomegranate seeds- half the year with Ceres, half the year with Hades; influential until 400 A.D.
Term
Dionysus
Definition
god of vegetation and wine; followers abandoned all restraint and engaged in sexual pleasures and excessive drinking
Term
Emperor
Definition
the pharaoh was thought to be the visual manifestation of god on earth; those who refused to acknowledge the cult were persecuted and martyred
Term
Epicureans
Definition
pleasure of the mind (wisdom) comes from bodily pleasure; stomach was seen as the starting point
Term
Essenes
Definition
members of a Jewish sect that thought they were among God's elect and were waiting for the end of the world to claim their place with God
Term
Galilee
Definition
means "circle"; encircled by Gentiles; Judeans looked down upon the people living here for adopting their neigbors' customs
Term
Gentile
Definition
a person of non-Jewish faith or origin
Term
Gospels
Definition
the first four books of the New Testament which present Jesus' teachings
Term
Hebrew Scriptures
Definition
the books of the Bible that come from the Jewish people before the time of Jesus; the part of the Bible that deals with God's covenant with the Jews
Term
Hellenistic
Definition
relating to Greek history, culture (Hellene), or art after Alexander the Great
Term
Hellenists
Definition
Greek-speaking Jews
Term
Isis/Osirus
Definition
Egyptian goddess and god of creation; focused on death and rebirth
Term
Jerusalem
Definition
both the political and spiritual capital for the Jewish people
Term
Jesus' life, Oral Proclamation, Written Proclamation
Definition
What are the three stages of gospel development?
Term
Jews of the Diaspora
Definition
the Jews scattered throughout the Roman Empire
Term
Josephus
Definition
37 CE-101 CE; Jerusalem Jew who lived during the occupation of Judea by Rome and witnessed the destruction of the 2nd Temple; was a revolutionary then caught and helped Rome negotiate; Jews lost the war and he became a Roman citizen; spends the rest of his life writing books about Judaism, Jewish culture, the war, etc.
Term
Judea
Definition
those who were living here believed it was the most sacred; Jerusalem or the "City of David" is its spiritual and political capital
Term
King Herod
Definition
king during Jesus's birth and life
Term
Magic
Definition
belief that the physical world can be unlocked through rituals and words
Term
Matthew, Mark, Luke
Definition
synoptic gospels
Term
Mithras
Definition
brought to Rome in about 68 B.C. by Cilician pirates who had been captured by Pompey the Great; protector of humanity and was allied to the power of good, "unconquerable sun"; only males were accepted
Term
Old Testament
Definition
all of the Hebrew Scriptures plus the deuterocanonical books of Tobit, Judith, 1 and 2 Maccabees, Wisdom, Sirach, Baruch, and additions to the books of Esther and Daniel
Term
Pax Romana
Definition
peace that resulted from the understanding that a conquered people must bow to a foreign master and its occupying forces
Term
Pentecost
Definition
the descent of the Holy Spirit upon the apostles
Term
Pharisees
Definition
well-educated, lay, religious Jewish leaders whose main focus was keeping the Jews faithful to the Law
Term
Pliny the Younger
Definition
Roman official; wrote to Emperor Trajan for advice on how to treat Christians, how to interrogate and punish
Term
Qumran
Definition
the Dead Sea Scrolls were found in eleven caves immediately west and north of this dry riverbed
Term
Sadducees
Definition
many of this group were priests who saw no harm in compromising the Jewish laws with the Greek and Roman laws in order to keep peace
Term
Samaria
Definition
was conquered by Assyria in 721 B.C.; its inhabitants went into exile; those who survived intermarried with foreign occupants of the land
Term
Sanhedrin
Definition
in Jesus' time, a group of seventy-one people made up of the chief priests, scribes, and elders; they made decisions regarding actions of the people of the Jewish community
Term
Seutonius
Definition
69 CE-120 CE; a contemporary of Tacitus; was a Roman historian who served as court secretary
Term
Shema
Definition
Hebrew word meaning "hear"
Term
Shevu'ot
Definition
Hebrew word which means "weeks"
Term
Stoics
Definition
evolved from cynicism- all of life is part of "nature" (cosmos) and is unified
Term
Tacitus
Definition
56 CE-120 CE; one of Rome's most famous historians; went through ranks to finally become the Roman Governor of Asia; recorded how Nero burnt down Rome in 64 CE and blamed it on the Christians
Term
Torah
Definition
the Law in Judaism; the first part of Jewish Scripture- Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy
Term
YHWH
Definition
Hebrew name for God, sometimes translated "I AM" or "The One Who Is" or "The One Who Causes to Be What Is"
Term
Zealots
Definition
a rebellious movement of militant Jews who yearned and battled for the recovery of Jewish independence
Term
a source common to both Matt and Luke; it is hypothetical-has never been found; contains actual sayings of Jesus-sermon on the mount; 235 verses
Definition
What is the "Q" source?
Term
allegory
Definition
an expression of truths or generalizations of human experiences through use of symbolic fictional figures or actions
Term
anawim
Definition
a Hebrew word referring to those who are materially poor or spiritually poor and are seeking God
Term
anti-Semitism
Definition
a hostility toward or discrimination against Jews as a religious, ethnic, or racial group
Term
apostle
Definition
from the Greek word apostolos, which means "one who is sent"
Term
apostolic community
Definition
faith group begun by the apostles
Term
attitude
Definition
a measure of acting and feeling which shows our inner and outer disposition
Term
blasphemy
Definition
proclaiming oneself as God; claiming to have the attributes of God; insulting God or God's name
Term
conversion
Definition
to change from one belief or action to another
Term
countercultural
Definition
values, thinking, and actions not normally accepted by society as a whole
Term
epistle
Definition
taken from the Greek word epistole which means "message"  or "letter"
Term
evangelists
Definition
the Gospel writers: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John
Term
house churches
Definition
space for followers to gather, worship, and receive instruction; created and environment where followers of Jesus could grow in openness to his message
Term
incarnate
Definition
the union of divinity with humanity in Jesus Christ
Term
logos
Definition
Greek word meaning "word"
Term
martyrdom
Definition
dying for one's faith
Term
missionaries
Definition
people who bring the gospel to those who have not heard it and who help further educational, social, and medical developments in underdeveloped areas
Term
monotheistic
Definition
belief in one God
Term
mystery cults
Definition
answered existential questions and gave life a sense of hope and purpose; Isis, Demeter (Ceres), Dionysus, Mithras, Emperor
Term
non-synoptic gospels
Definition
John
Term
parable
Definition
derived from the Greek word parabolë which means "to place beside or cast alongside"
Term
parousia
Definition
Greek word used in the New Testament and other Greek literature which can refer to the official visit of a ruler or to the appearance of a god.  In the New Testament, the reference is to the second coming of Christ at the end of time.
Term
persecution
Definition
the effort by one group to suppress or hinder the freedom of another by harming or threatening them
Term
polytheistic
Definition
belief in many gods
Term
religious influences in the time of Jesus
Definition
mystery cults; polytheism and monotheism
Term
salvation history
Definition
the saving action of God through human history
Term
scribes
Definition
the interpreters and the teachers of the Law; could be a Pharisee or Sadducee
Term
the Way
Definition
name for the movement that followed the ways of Jesus
Term
treason
Definition
an attempt or desire to overthrow and replace the head of government to which one owes allegiance
Term
infancy narratives
Definition
only in Matthew and Luke; both state that Jesus is a descendant of David and was raised in Nazareth; but Matthew tells of the wise men and Luke says that Mary and Joseph were going to Bethlehem for the census
Term
Beatitudes
Definition
begin the Sermon on the Mount; express how agod expects people to live in relationship with one another; an expression of the law
Term
kingdom of God
Definition
not used by Matthew because he didn't want the Jews to even say the word "God"
Term
temptation narrative
Definition
Matthew's audience was reminded of the time their ancestors had been in the desert; they realized that trusting God was the only way they would complete their journey
Term
Christ
Definition
"the anointed one"
Term

No Jew excepts Jesus as the Messiah.

Jews reject Jesus as the Messiah because he didn't fulfill Jewish expectations of the Messiah.

Definition
Jewish expectations of the Messiah
Term
Yahweh
Definition
the personal name of God in the Hebrew Scriptures
Term
Pax Christi USA
Definition
international peace organization; began in 1945 in France
Term
messianic secret
Definition
as Jesus heals, preaches, and teaches, he is revealed as the promised Messiah
Term
messianic mystery
Definition
the movement of readings from this point until Jesus' death
Term
conversion experience
Definition
turns us toward God and encourages us to search to understand and do what God desires of us
Term
Mark's Gospel
Definition
has an urgent message that informs the community of the necessity to live life as modeled by Jesus; the shortest gospel and the fastest paced
Term
Mark's framing techniques
Definition
the reader is forced to see the tension between the frame story and the story inserted into the middle
Term
Mark's threefold pattern
Definition
can be seen to encompass the whole of Mark's Gospel; there are three declarations of Jesus as the Son of God
Term
Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James, and Salome
Definition
showed faith at Jesus' death on the cross
Term
wealth and blindness
Definition
obstacles to faith
Term
suffering
Definition
happens because of the choices we make or other people's bad choices or the result of saying "yes" to living
Term
John the Baptist's arrest is a warning that the struggle between good and evil will continue throughout.
Definition
Why does the 1st episode of Mark's Gospel end with John the Baptist's arrest?
Term
Mary's Song of Thanksgiving
Definition
this song describes Mary's personal experience of God's power; it is reminiscent of Hannah's Song in the Old Testament
Term
The Spirit of God weaves together the past, the present, and the future.
Definition
What is the role of the Holy Spirit in Luke's Gospel?
Term
the transfiguration
Definition
Where do Elijah and Moses appear in Luke's Gospel?
Term
the Holy Spirit descends as a dove
Definition
What happens at Jesus' Baptism?
Term
a man was beaten, robbed, and left to die in the street; a priest and a Levite walked by but didn't help him; then a Samaritan came and cleaned the man's wounds and brought him back to his inn; Jesus extends love of neighbor to include everyone- even one's enemies.
Definition
summarize the Parable of the Good Samaritan
Term
Paul was on his way to Emmaus to persecute Christians; but then a great light blinded him and he heard Jesus say, "Paul, why are you persecuting me?"; from the on, he was a very devoted Christian
Definition
summarize The Road to Emmaus
Term
While faithful service to God is important, it must be balanced with listening to the word of God and spending time with the Lord in prayer.
Definition
What is the meaning of the Story of Mary and Martha?
Term
It reminds us of the Eucharist. Jesus will next bress bread at the Last Supper and will celebrate the Passover meal with his disciples who will continue nourishing the physical and spiritual hungers of the world.
Definition
What does the Feeding of the Five Thousand remind us of?
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