Shared Flashcard Set

Details

REL 1000 Final
Western Michigan University: Religions of the World Final Exam Review flashcards
121
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
12/10/2012

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What was the first historical "China"?
Definition
Shang Dynasty
Term
What evidence do we have and use to confirm the Shang Dynasty existence?
Definition
Many bronze ritual vessels survive as does evidence of ritual sacrifices, both animal and human.
Term
What change took place in religion from the Shang Dynasty to the Zhou Dynasty, both in relation to the highest 'gods' or 'powers' and with respect to the practice of ancestor veneration?
Definition
Term
What are the five officially recognized religions in China today? What does it mean by officially recognized?
Definition
Term
What are the "Three Teachings" of China before the modern period?
Definition
Term
What does "qi" translate to?
Definition
Vital Energy
Term
What does "jing" translate to?
Definition
Vital Essence
Term
What does "shen" translate to?
Definition
Spirit
Term
What are some characteristics of Ying and Yang?
Definition
Term
What are the Five Phases (Wuxing)?
Definition
Term
What does "Dao" translate to?
Definition
The way
Term
What does "De" translate to?
Definition
Virtue
Term
What does "Tian" translate to?
Definition
Heaven
Term
Neiye (Inner Cultivation)
Definition
Term
Daodejing (Loazi)
Definition
Term
Zhuangzi
Definition
Term
What are the three views of death in China?
Definition
Term
What are the 'Three Jewels' of Buddhism?
Definition
Term
What are the Five Relationships in Confucianism?
Definition
Term
How did Buddhists get their food?
Definition
Term
How often did Buddhists eat?
Definition
Term
What could early Buddhists eat?
Definition
Term
What possesions could early Buddhists have?
Definition
Term
Who was the mythological founder of Daoism?
Definition
Term
Who was the first person to actually found a Daoist religious movement?
Definition
Term
What is the importance of the distinction between 'religion' and 'religiosity'?
Definition
Term
How does Li Hongzhi, in his teachings of Falun Gong, redefine the concepts of 'karma' and 'de' as found in Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism?
Definition
Term
What are the Three Bodies of Buddhism as taught in Mahayana Buddhism?
Definition
Term
Describe: Nirmanakaya (Apparitional Body)
Definition
Term
Describe: Sambhogakaya (Enjoyment Body)
Definition
Term
Describe: Dharmakaya (Dharma/Law Body)
Definition
Term
What are the 4 noble truths of Buddhism?
Definition
Term
What are the 6 realms of rebirth in Buddhism?
Definition
Term
Conditioned arising
Definition
Term
Shinto Purification
Definition
Term
Shinto Kami
Definition
Term
Myth Lessons
Definition
Term
What can we learn about Japan from the Myths?
Definition
Term
What are some common characteristics of New Religions in Japan?
Definition
Term
What are the 4 patterns of action in new religions in Japan?
Definition
Term
What led AUM to become violent?
Definition
Term
Name 3 parts of the Vitalistic Salvation concept
Definition
Term
Confucianism Self-Cultivation and education
Definition
Term
Confucianism Filial piety
Definition
Term
What are the 5 relations in Confucianism?
Definition
Term
What are some rules for women in early Confucianism?
Definition
Term
Confucianism Ren/jin - Human heartedness
Definition
Term
What roles do funerals play in Japan?
Definition
Term
Define: Bushido
Definition
Term
What did samurai claim they did that allowed them the right to rule?
Definition
Term
On - Debt of gratitude
Definition
Term
What are New Religious Movements (NRMs)?
Definition
1. Religions arising in the modern period, more or less from the 18th century on.
2. Religions formed in reaction to modernity.
Term
What is the Second Great Awakening?
Definition
Term
What is an Awakening?
Definition
Term
What is the "Burned Over District"?
Definition
Term
Who was Joseph Smith?
Definition
Term
According to Mormons, where did the Book of Mormon come from?
Definition
Term
What is the Book of Mormon about?
Definition
Term
For Mormons, is the Biblical canon closed for all time?
Definition
Term
What does "Latter-day Saint" mean?
Definition
Term
What is the Mormon Plan of Salvation?
Definition
Term
Who was Brigham Young?
Definition
Term
Why do Mormons have temples?
Definition
Term
What are two important temple rituals?
Definition
Term
Why are Mormons concerned with genealogy?
Definition
Term
Define: Millennialism
Definition
1,000 years of peace and plenty
Term
Define: Apocalypticism
Definition
Term
What does the word "advent" refer to?
Definition
Term
Who was William Miller?
Definition
Term
What was the "Great Disappointment"?
Definition
Term
Who was Ellen G. White?
Definition
Term
What does "Seventh-day" refer to in the name Seventh-day Adventist (SDA)?
Definition
Term
Why did the Adventists create a separate school system?
Definition
Term
Why was health reform important to SDA?
Definition
Term
Who were the Branch Davidians?
Definition
Term
Who was David Koresh?
Definition
Term
What is Vitalism?
Definition
Term
Why was this thought to be important for health?
Definition
Term
What are the Four Bodily Humors and why were they thought to be important for health?
Definition
Term
What were the two major treatments used by "regular" physicians in the early US?
Definition
Term
What is Christian Physiology?
Definition
Term
Who was Sylvester Graham?
Definition
Term
What is hydropathy?
Definition
Term
Who was John Harvey Kellogg?
Definition
Term
Why did John Harvey Kellogg invent corn flakes?
Definition
Term
What is magnetic healing?
Definition
Term
Who was Anton Mesmer?
Definition
Term
Who was Phineas Quimby?
Definition
Term
What is Christian Science?
Definition
Term
What does the word pagan mean?
Definition
Term
Why do scholars refer to Pagans as "Neo-pagans"?
Definition
Term
Who was Margaret Murray?
Definition
Term
Who was Gerald Gardiner?
Definition
Term
What does "Wicca" mean?
Definition
Term
Who are the two primary deities of Wicca?
Definition
Term
What are some of the primary Wiccan holidays?
Definition
Term
What are three primary Wiccan beliefs?
Definition
Term
How does feminism and environmentalism fit into Neo-paganism?
Definition
Term
Who was L. Ron Hubbard?
Definition
Term
What is the goal of Dianetics?
Definition
Term
What are engrams?
Definition
Negative mental images
Term
How is Scientology and extension of but different from Dianetics?
Definition
Term
What is a Thetan?
Definition
Immortal being that has passed through innumerable past lives
Term
What is an operating Thetan?
Definition
Term
What are the five major characteristics of modernity?
Definition
The Rise of Science, Decline in Religious World Views, Decline in Traditional Social Order, Dominance of market economy, and Dominance of Secular Power & Authority
Term
What is liberalism?
Definition
The idea that individuals should have the greatest possible freedom to choose how to live, including what religion or whether to be religious at all.
Term
Why is the US Constitution such a secular document?
Definition
Political Expedience, Liberal Value of Freedom of Conscience
Term
What are the implications of Freedom of Religion?
Definition
Religious "Free Market", Denominationalism, Voluntarism, Private vs. Public Sphere, Growing Religious Experimentation
Term
What are the four NRMs?
Definition
Mormonism, Adventism, Paganism, Scientology
Term
What is the media definition of a Denomination?
Definition
Good
Term
What is the media definition of a Sect?
Definition
Okay
Term
What is the media definition of a Cult?
Definition
Bad
Term
What is the cultural context definition of a Sect?
Definition
A reform movement within an existing religious tradition in a society.
Term
What is the cultural context definition of a Cult?
Definition
A new religious movement or an alien religious movement in a society.
Term
What is the cultural context definition of a Denomination?
Definition
A stable sect.
Term
What is the cultural tension definition of a Cult?
Definition
Relatively high tension with surrounding culture.
Term
What is the cultural tension definition of a Sect?
Definition
Relatively moderate tension with surrounding culture.
Term
What is the cultural tension definition of a Denomination?
Definition
Relatively low tension with surrounding culture.
Term
Why do people join NRMs?
Definition
Economic deprivation, social deprivation, and psychological deprivation
Term
Define: Charisma
Definition
Spirit-Filled
Term
Why do people join NRMs? (2)
Definition
Seekers of enrichment, Community & Relationship enrichment, Empowerment and Leadership enrichment
Supporting users have an ad free experience!