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Thorax, Abdomen, Contrast
JJC - Vet 112
72
Veterinary Medicine
Undergraduate 1
10/28/2013

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Cards

Term
word/s for increased BUN and creatinine
Definition
uremia, azotemia
Term
BUN
Definition
blood urea nitrogen
Term
What does increased BUN and creatinine mean?
Definition
kidneys not functioning properly because urine products are in the blood; uremia/azotemia
Term
How does ascites appear on a rad?
Definition
underpenetrated, looks like you need to up kVp
Term
How can you distinguish the R and L kidneys on a rad?
Definition
Right is more cranial
Term
Most dangerous foreign object?
Definition
linear FO, like string - can twist around organs and cut off blood supply
Term
Tx for lead/zinc toxicity?
Definition
chelation, a BID injectionin which Ca EDTA binds to metal so body can't absorb it
Term
GDV stands for?
Definition
Gastric Dilatation and Volvulus
Term
Other names for GDV?
Definition
bloat, colic
Term
How does GDV appear on a rad?
Definition
abdomen is all black because it's filled with air
Term
What happens to the body with GDV?
Definition
stomach fills with air, twists around and cuts off blood supply
Term
FOV for abdominal rad?
Definition
xiphoid process to coxofemoral joint
Term
Possible cause of being egg-bound?
Definition
-calcium deficient (lack of muscle tone needed to pass egg)
Term
Tx for egg-bound?
Definition
-calcium
-oxytocin
-speculum in cloaca
-lube in cloaca
Term
How to count fetuses?
Definition
count skills/spines
Term
X-ray of fetuses -when? -how many?
Definition
1 week before parturition, 1 lateral only
Term
Pts who should NEVER be fasted:
Definition
diabetics, pregnant animals, exotics
Term
How long to fast animal before rad?
Definition
12 hours
Term
If pt requires enema before rads, when should it be given?
Definition
at least 1hr before rad to avoid mess
Term
Ideally, abdominal rads should be exposed on ___, but Jan says this is not practical .
Definition
expiration- most room in abdomen because diaphragm is out of the way
Term
Abd rads - common mistakes
Definition
-incomplete FOV
-patient movement
-patient rotation
-exposed on inspiration
Term
Abd rads - center of beam?
Definition
halfway between xiphoid and coxofemoral
Term
Large dogs may require 2 views of the abdomen:
Definition
cranial abdominal, caudal abdominal
Term
Do not take a ___ view of the abdomen in pt with dyspnea.
Definition
VD - do DV instead
Term
Organs that air flows through, in order:
Definition
nasal passages > pharynx > larynx > trachea > bronchi > bronchioles > aveoli
Term
Organs that food passes through, in order:
Definition
mouth > pharynx > esophagus > stomach > small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) > large intestine (cecum, colon [ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid])
Term
VHS
Definition
Vertebral Heart Size
Term
How is VHS measured?
Definition
-cranial surface of T4
-long axis and short axis
Term
Normal values for VHS?
Definition
dogs: 8.7 - 10.7
cats: <8
Term
C1 and C2
Definition
Atlas and Axis
Term
Skull features we should be able to identify?
Definition
-vertical ramus of mandible
-zygomatic arch
-tympanic bulla
-atlas and axis
-mandibular condyle
Term
cavity in reptiles?
Definition
coelomic cavity - combo of thoracic/abdominal
Term
Unlike mammals, reptiles lack a...
Definition
diaphragm
Term
Views for chelonian?
Definition
DV, Lat, CrCd (to see lungs)
Term
Reptiles- tabletop or Bucky?
Definition
-TT if <3kg
-Bucky if 3kg or over
Term
turtle's top shell
Definition
carapace
Term
turtle's bottom shell
Definition
plastron
Term
turtle vertebrae?
Definition
cervical, dorsal, caudal
Term
advantages of horizontal beam in lizard rads
Definition
-coelomic contants don't shift into lungs
-no manual/tape restraint needed
Term
disadvantage of horizontal beam in lizard rads
Definition
-superimposition of limbs over organs
Term
cystic calculi
Definition
bladder stones
Term
objects to help take turtle rads
Definition
overturned cup, bowl, bucket
Term
Unlike other reptiles, snakes do not have a...
Definition
bladder
Term
FCP
Definition
fragmented coranoid process
Term
DJD
Definition
degenerative joint disease
Term
OCD
Definition
osteochondritis dessicans
Term
UAP
Definition
un-united anconeal process
Term
anatomical differences - birds vs mammals
Definition
-trachea is bone all around
-no diaphragm - can't compress thorax
Term
3 qualities of good darkroom
Definition
-clean
-organized
-light-proof
Term
darkroom walls should be what color?
Definition
white/cream to reflect safe light
Term
how to lightproof standard door?
Definition
-felt/rubber molding
-vapor seal
-sliding bolt lock
Term
5 stages of film processing
Definition
1 develop
2 rinse
3 fix
4 wash
5 dry
Term
function of developing solution?
Definition
convert latent image to visible image
Term
rad byproducts with recyclable silver?
Definition
fix solution, old rads
Term
3 things text says must be on rad label?
Definition
-name/address of hospital/vet
-date rad was taken
-patient ID (sex/age/breed)/owner's name
Term
how to prep horse for rads?
Definition
-clean, dry fur
-pick/scrub hoof
-pack sole with radiolucent material (maybe)
-remove shoes, trim hooves (maybe)
Term
positioning aide for hoof rads?
Definition
-tape metal to outside of hoof
-hoof wall // to coffin bone?
Term
splints
Definition
inflammation of interosseous ligament, build-up of bone between splints and cannon
Term
carpal chip fracture
Definition
-#1 fx of racehorses
-caused by overextension at speed
Term
bucked shins
Definition
-inflammation of dorsal surface of cannon bone
-horses under 3y usually
Term
ringbone
Definition
-periosteal bone deposition on phalanges
-high= near pastern joint
-low= near coffin joint
Term
osselets
Definition
ringbone around fetlock joint
Term
navicular dz
Definition
lameness due to distal sesamoid problems or tendon passing over it
Term
pedal osteitis
Definition
demineralization of coffin bone due to inflammation
Term
fx'd splint
Definition
fx of a splint bone
Term
what to do with splint issues?
Definition
can remove splint bone/s
Term
sesamoiditis
Definition
common in racehorses; tearing suspensory ligament attachment
Term
bone spavin / osteoarthritis of distal tarsal joints
Definition
-#1 hock problem in horses
-#1 lameness in Standardbreds
-common in western/jumpers
-wear and tear dz of distal tarsal/metatarsal joints
Term
how to administer barium to birds?
Definition
gavage
Term
how to treat metal poisoning in birds?
Definition
chelation - substance binds to metal so body doesn't absorb it
Term
equipment to make anesthesia mask for birds
Definition
-connector from e-tube
-syringe case
-glove
-tape
Term
reticulation
Definition
mottled density from irregular expansion/contraction of film emulsion due to varying temperatures of processing fluids
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