False

An idiopathic hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter is considered congenital. An acquired pyloric stenosis is caused by peptic ulcers or cancer near the pylorus.

Vague discomfort from stomach fullness

Become worse after eating and later in day

Nausea

anorexia

weight loss

stomach distention

vomiting

Which of the following is not taken into consideration when determining the severity of an Intestinal Obstruction:

a. Onset 

b. Extent

c. Location

d. Cause

True

Tumor growth and progressive stricture are forms of chronic onset. Torsion, intussusception, and herniation are forms of acute Onset.

Effects and Cause Matching:

____ Occlusion of blood supply 

____ Blockage by intrinsic or extrinsic lesions

____ Blood supply maintained

____ Paralysis of intestinal musculature (trauma, preitonitis, electrolyte, imbalances, or spasmolytic agents)

____ Obstruction at each end of a segment of bowel

a. Simple 

b. Strangulated

c. Closed loop

d. Mechanical

e. Functional

b. Strangulated

d. Mechanical

a. Simple

e. Functional

c. Closed loop

Hernia Matching:

____ Blood supply to herniated tissue become obstructed

____ Herniated loop of bowel can be pushed back into abdominal cavity

____ Weak area inguinal ring

____ Under inguinal ligament along femoral vessels

____ Herniated loop becomes stuck and can't be pushed back

____ defect in abdominal wall

a. Inguinal hernia

b. Umbilical hernia

c. Femoral hernia

d. Reducible hernia

e. Incarcerated hernia

f. Strangulated hernia

f. Strangulated hernia

d. Reducible hernia

a. Inguinal hernia

c. Femoral hernia

e. Incarcerated hernia

b. Umbilical hernia

False

Small hernias are more prone to strangulation

When a herniated tissue can't be manipulated back into proper position, it is a(n) 

a. Incarcerated hernia

b. Reducible hernia

c. Simple hernia

d. Strangulated hernia

e. None of the above

False

Chronic enteritis is less common than acute enteritis. 

Bleeding

Cramping

Frequent diarrhea (large volumes of watery diarrhea)

Nutritional Disturbances

Excretion of bile 

Metabolism of carbs, fats, and protiens

Storage of carbs and lipids

Synthesis of major plasma protiens 

False

80% of unused bilirubin is converted into urobilinogen and exreted in feces

False

Liver cells can regenerate

When heme loses its iron, it becomes 

a. conjugated bilirubin

b. hemoglobin

c. unconjugated bilirubin

d. urobilinogen

Jaundince is first seen when bilirubin reaches 

a. 1.2 mg/dl

b. 12 mg/dl

c. 2-3 mg/dl

d. 15 mg/dl

False

Jaundice is a symptom, not a disease

A jaundiced gallstone patient would most likely have 

a. prehepatic jaundice

b. hepatic jaundice

c. posthepatic jaundice

False

Posthepatic jaundice would present with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia.

Prehepatic jaundice would present with unconjugated hperbilirubinemia.

A jaundiced infant would have 

a. conjugated hyperbilirubinemia

b. unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

c. mixed conjugation types

d. hypobilirubinemia

e. none of the above

Jaundince in newborns would be considered pathologic when bilirubin reaches 

a. 1.2 mg/dl

b. 12 mg/dl

c. 2-3 mg/dl

d. 15 mg/dl

False

80-90% of hepatic function gone is classified as Liver failure

What is the incubation period for Hepatitis A?

a. 2-6 weeks

b. 6 weeks - 4 months

c. 4 - 8 months

d. 8 months to 2-years

False

Hepatitis B is transmitted through blood and body fluids

T or F: The lower in the gastrointestinal tract that an obstruction is located, the more severe the symptoms

Matching:

____ chronic inflammation of the distal ileum

____ obstruction with loss of blood supply

____ post-surgery complication

____ telescoping of one part of bowel into another

a. appendicitis

b. diverticulitis

c. diverticulosis

d. inflammatory bowel disease

e. intestinal adhesion

f. intussusception

g. regional enteritis

h. strangulation

i. ulcerative colitis

j. volvulus

g. regional enteritis

h. strangulation

e. intetinal adhesion

f. intussusception

When a herniated tissue can be manipulated back into proper position, it is called a(n)

a. incarcerated hernia

b. reducible hernia

c. simple hernia

d. strangulated hernia

e. none of the above

The functional units of the liver are called

a. bile canaliculi

b. central veins

c. Kupffer cells

d. lobules

e. portal triads

When heme loses its iron, it becomes

a. conjugated bilirubin

b. hemoglobin

c. unconjugated bilirubin

d. biliverdin

d. biliverdin

A jaundiced alcoholic would have

a. conjugated hyperbilirubinemia

b. unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

c. mixed conjugation types

d. hypobilirubinemia

e. none of the above