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Quiz 2
Rehab
84
Anatomy
Professional
08/02/2012

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Term
Exercise prescriptions are based on what two things
Definition
spinal region or movement pattern assessment
Term
Progressive exercise for each spinal area are progressive in what 4 ways
Definition
stretch, isometrics, floor exercises, ball exercises
Term
What are 5 cervical functional exercises?
Definition
cervical stretch, neck isometrics, prone neck extension, superman on the floor, superman on the ball
Term
exercise for the c-spine either on the floor or the ball that involves extending the arms and the legs outward
Definition
superman
Term
what are 5 thoracic functional tests
Definition
thoracic stretch, superman on the floor/ball, mid back scapula retraction, scapula protraction, cross crawl quadruped on the ball
Term
what are two ways to stretch the thoracic
Definition
all fours hump back, overhead lateral bending, and grabbing your hands behind your back
Term
this exercise involves lying on your stomach with towel under pelvis and place arms out to the sides, elbows straight, hands open, thumbs up, then roll shoulder blades back and down squeezing through mid back.
Definition
scapula retraction prone
Term
this exercise is a push up position against the wall keeping the elbows straight push into the wall to press the spine outward between the shoulder blades
Definition
scapula protraction standing
Term
raising one arm and contralateral leg either on the ball or on the ground on all fours
Definition
cross crawl quad
Term
3 lengthened muscles in the anterior pelvic tilt
Definition
hamstrings abdominals and gluteus maximus
Term
3 shortened muscles in the anterior pelvic tilt
Definition
quads, erector spinae, iliopsoas
Term
3 lengthened muscles in the posterior pelvic tilt
Definition
quads, erector spinae, iliopsoas
Term
3 shortened muscles in the posterior pelvic tilt
Definition
hamstrings, abdominals, gluteus maximus
Term
laying on a foam roll and trying to raise the contralateral extremities is called
Definition
dead bug
Term
lie on back with knees bent and feet flat on the floor, from a pelvic tilt position and maintaining abdominal hollowing, squeeze buttocks and slowly raise pelvis off the floor
Definition
L spine bridge
Term
on stomach on ball, walk body out until ball is at knee level, bend one knee and squeeze buttocks to raise leg up off the ball. hold 10 sec lower and repeat on opposite side
Definition
hip extension on the ball
Term
lying on back with heels on ball and knees straight, press heels into ball and squeeze buttocks to raise pelvis and low back off the floor, keep shoulders on the floor, maintaining this position pull the ball towards buttocks
Definition
hamstring curls with bridge on the ball
Term
lying on one side bend bottom knee up and keep top leg straight raise top leg up to about 35-40 degrees keeping knee straight and toes pointing slightly down. maintain abdominal hollow
Definition
hip abduction side lying
Term
standing with feet slightly wider than shoulders, holding gym ball out in front, lower body down to a squat position keeping heels on the floor and back straight. maintain abdominal hollow and push up
Definition
squats
Term
Instruct patient to raise one leg with knee straight
Definition
patient prone hip extension test
Term
What is the normal for the hip extension test
Definition
first 10 degrees should occur at hip joint knee should be straight
Term
If the knee bends during the hip extension test then
Definition
stretch the hamstrings
Term
In the hip extension test if the first 10 degrees the lordosis increases and the pelvis shifts anteriorly then stretch what muscles
Definition
erector spinae, iliopsoas, rectus femoris, hamstrings
Term
in the hip extension test if the first 10 degrees the lordosis increases and the pelvis shifts anteriorly then strengthen what muscles
Definition
gluteus max (pelvic tilts, leg extensions, bridges, squats)
Term
Patient on side with lower knee bent and top leg straight, raise leg into abduction keeping leg straight and foot level
Definition
hip abduction test
Term
during hip abduction test if the ROM is less than 40 degrees or excessive hip hiking then
Definition
stretch quadratus lumborum
Term
if during hip abduction test there is hip flexion observed during movement then
Definition
stretch the TFL
Term
if during the hip abduction test there is external rotation of foot during movement then
Definition
stretch piriformis
Term
if during the hip abduction test there is shaking or twisting then
Definition
strenthen glutes (bridge, leg abduction)
Term
patient is supine, knees bent , feet flat, on the floor and arms forward. Instruct patient to abdominal hollow and raise upper body until shoulder blades clear the floor. Maintain abdominal hollow as body is lowered back onto the table
Definition
trunk flexion test
Term
if during the trunk flexion test the heel raises off the table then
Definition
stretch iliopsoas
Term
if during the trunk flexion test the lordosis increases during curl up then
Definition
stretch erector spinae, abdominals

(pelvic tilts/crunches/dead bug/bridges
Term
patient is prone with pubic bone at the end of the table, upper body is supported by a stool at the edge of the table, patient raises trunk to horizontal position and maintain position for 2 min
Definition
static back extensor test (sorensons test)
Term
if patient cant do sorensons test for 2 min then
Definition
stretch iliopsoas, and strenghten glutes and erector spinae
Term
if a patient reverts to s stoop position during the squat test then
Definition
stretch hamstrings and adductors, and strenthen quadriceps and do bridge
Term
patient supine chin in a tuck position raise head 1 cm off table and hold for 85 seconds
Definition
neck flexion test
Term
neck flexion test fails if the pt
Definition
shakes, juts the chin, elevates head more than 1 cm
Term
if neck flexion test is a fail then
Definition
stretch suboccipitals and scm and strenthen neck flexors
Term
Indications for side bridge endurance test
Definition
LBP
Term
The avg endurance for a healthy patient for the side bridge is
Definition
84.5 seconds
Term
Positive test of the side bridge is
Definition
fasciculations, collapse, synergistic recruitment
Term
treatment for the side bridge
Definition
side bridge from knees, bird dog with reach through, lunch stretch, soft tissue to hip flex, ant hip
Term
indications of a shoulder abduction test
Definition
neck pain, shrugged shoulders, headaches, shoulder problems
Term
treament of shoulder abductions
Definition
mobilize kyphosis, soft tissue to upper traps and levator scapula, scap depression training, pull downs, push/pull and sword
Term
one leg standing indications
Definition
elderly fall prevention, poor balance, history of accident, all nms condtions, lbp
Term
treatment of one leg standing test
Definition
proprioceptive training
Term
Indications of the prone quadruped(cross crawl)
Definition
all nms conditions
Term
treatment of the prone quadruped
Definition
core exercises with cross crawl
Term
Indications of the six inch step down
Definition
lbp and all lower extremity issues
Term
positive findings of 6 inch step down
Definition
deviation of the patella, knee pain, hamstring and/or quad weakness, instability, poor balance
Term
Treatment of 6 inch step down
Definition
manipulation of LE, correction weakness, soft tissue
Term
3 treatments of muscle imbalance
Definition
normalize peripheral stuctures, restoration of muscle balance, fascilitation of afferent system and sensory motor training
Term
in order to restore the muscle balance this need to happen
Definition
the phasic and tonic muscle systems must be improved as a prerequiste for improving coordination
Term
this training improves movement coordination and therefore promotes ideal mechanical loading of biological structures and efficient motor execution
Definition
facilitation of afferent system and sensory motor training
Term
These muscles cause the movement to occur. They create the normal ROM in a joint by contracting. Agonist are also referred to as prime movers since they are the muscles that are primarily responsible for generating the movement.
Definition
agonist
Term
These muscles act in opposition to the movement generated by the agonists and are responsible for returning a limb to its initial position.
Definition
antagonist
Term
These muscles perform, or assist in performing, the same set of joint motion as the agonists. Synergist are sometimes referred to as neutralizers, extra motion from the agonists to make sure that the force generates works within the desired plane of motion.
Definition
synergist
Term
These muscles provide the necessary support to assist in holding the rest of the body in place while the movement occurs. Fixators are also sometimes called Stabilizers.
Definition
fixators
Term
6 commonly used agonists/antagonists
Definition
Pectorals / Latissimus Dorsi
Abdominals / Spinal Erectors
Quadriceps / Hamstrings
Shins / Claves
Biceps / Triceps
Forearm Flexors / Extensors
Term
Impulses from the contracted muscle excite motor units in the same muscle and inhibit motor units in the antagonist muscle.
Definition
reciprocal inhibition
Term
some muscles become inhibited and weak while others become tight and lose their extensibility.
Definition
muscular imbalance
Term
When muscles react to protect the body from harm or to reduce pain, certain muscles become overactive while others are inhibited. As a result, joint stress is altered and greater muscle fatigue results.
Definition
muscular imbalance
Term
The basis for most muscle imbalances comes from our predictable response to stressful environmental demands what are the demands
Definition
constrained postures, repetitive task, gravity stress, inactivity, trauma
Term
The___ tend toward overuse and eventual Shortening and tightness
Definition
Postural Muscles
Term
the ___ tend toward disuse and weakness
Definition
phasic
Term
phasic muscles include:
Definition
Tibialis Anterior
Gluteus Max
Gluteus Medius
Rectus Abdominus
Lower & Middle Traps
Scalenes
Deltoids
Term
what two muscles will be tight in lower cross syndrome
Definition
erector spinae, iliopsoas
Term
what two muscles will be weak in lower cross syndrome
Definition
gluteus max, abdominals
Term
what muscles are weak in upper cross syndromes
Definition
deep neck flexors, lower trapezius and serratus anterior
Term
what muscles are tight in upper cross syndrome
Definition
pectoralis, upper trap, levator scapulae
Term
If a postural muscle such as the iliopsoas becomes shortened from overuse, not only will it limit the ROM of its antagonist the Gluteus Max, but also it will neurologically inhibit as well due to
Definition
reciprocal inhibition
Term
sedentary life results in
Definition
tight postural muscles and weak dynamic phasic muscles
Term
5 consequences of muscular imbalances
Definition
Altered joint mechanics/uneven distribution of pressure
Limited ROM/compensatory hypermobility
Change in proprioceptive imput
Impaired reciprocal inhibition
Altered programming of movement patterns
Term
C0-C1 cervicothoracic relationship
Definition
suboccipitals, upper traps
Term
C1-C2 cervicothoracic relationship
Definition
SCM, Levator Scapulae, upper traps
Term
C2-T3 cervicothoracic relationship
Definition
SCM, Levator scauplae, upper traps
Term
C3-C6 cervicothoracic relationshop
Definition
upper traps, cervical erector spinae
Term
T3-T10 cervicothoracic relationship
Definition
Pecs, dorsal erectors, serratus ant, subscapularis
Term
T10- L2 cervicothroacic relationship
Definition
quadratus lumborum, psoas abdominals, T/L Erectors
Term
L2-L3 Lumbopelvic relationship
Definition
gluteus medius
Term
L3-L4 lumbopelvic relationship
Definition
rectus femoris, lumbar erectors, adductors
Term
L4-L5 lumbo pelvic relationships
Definition
piriformis, hamstrings, lumbar erectors, adductors
Term
L5-S1 lumbo pelvic relationships
Definition
iliacus, hamstrings, lumbar erectors, adductors
Term
S1 lumbopelvic relationships
Definition
gluteus max, piriformis, iliacus, hamstrings, adductors, contralateral gluteus medius
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