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Psychopharmacology Part 1
History, Nursing, MOAs, and Neurotransmitters--McKinnon Week 3
21
Nursing
Graduate
02/05/2014

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Term
Contemporary Psychopharmacological Care
Definition
Based on:
mental health recovery
adherence to medication
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huge change from the 1950s
Term
assessment for adherence
Definition
need to know whether they're taking their meds or not, why not, since when, if not the full dose, then how much, etc.
be very specific
Term
Psychopharmacological Assessment
Definition
3 things:
past meds
adherence
side effects
Term
common obstacle to the planning phase of the nursing process when it comes to psychopharmacology
Definition
knowledge deficit r/t medications
the population of people with MHCs are disproportionately un-/undereducated, and some MHCs also cause learning disabilities
Term
Oral Liquid (Concentrate) Administration: examples in psychopharm, and potential drawback
Definition
Prozac, lithium
difficult to measure interactions w/ other liquids
Term
IM depot
Definition
medication administration method more often used in MH than other specialties: monthly IM injection which slowly releases medication over time
Ethics: these can't be given against patient consent like some emergent medications can
Term
Psychopharm considerations r/t young people
Definition
Danger: most MHC meds are tested on adults, so new meds--if given--should be monitored closely
Stigma: negative outlook on "crazy kids," from friends, friends' parents, and even themselves
Education: about available interventions, and psychological needs
Term
Pschyopharm considerations r/t older people
Definition
Due to varying effects of aging, as well as wide range of other meds (not to mention non-adherence/non-report to/of those meds), older pts are at a higher risk for unforeseen side-effects, and should therefore be started on low doses, slowly increasing them to find the best therapeutic effect for the minimum side-effects
Term
agonist
Definition
drug/agent that binds the post-synaptic receptor and activates the related pathway
Term
antagonist
Definition
drug/agent that binds the post-synaptic receptor and does not activate the related pathway, thereby blocking its activation via that receptor
Term
reuptake inhibitor
Definition
binds presynaptic receptor to no effect, thereby allowing the neurotransmitter more time in the synapse to activate more receptors
Term
A Pt being treated for stress-related HTN presents with hypotension, dizziness, tachycardia, and ED.
What is likely the cause?
Definition
NE antagonist medication
Term
A pt being treated for psychosis presents with hypotension and ED.
What is likely the cause?
Definition
5-HT2 (serotonin) antagonist medication
Term
A pt being treated for psychosis presents with akathesia and concentrated urine.
What is likely the cause?
Definition
D2 (dopamine) antagonist medication
Term
A pt being treated for schizophrenia is sedated, drowsy, and hypotensive. Also their weight is significantly higher than the previous week.
What is likely the cause?
Definition
Histamine (H1) antagonist medication
Term
A pt being treated for Parkinson's presents with dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, and blurred vision. The likely cause is...
Definition
...ACh antagonist medication (specifically muscarinic antagonist medication)
Term
a pt being treated for depression is displaying more and more of a disconnect with reality.
The likely cause is...
Definition
Dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI)
Term
A pt is being treated for anxiety and depression and presents with upset stomach, nausea, and headache.
The likely cause is...
Definition
Serotonin-specific reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Term
a pt being treated for depression presents with tachycardia, tremor, restlessness, and ED.
The likely cause is...
Definition
Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI)
Term
Tricyclic antidepressant MOAs
Definition
5HT: inhibits reuptake
NE: inhibits reuptake, blocks receptor
ACh: blocks receptor
H1: blocks receptor

3-4-5
TRIcyclics act on FOUR molecule-pathways having FIVE total effects
Term
MAOIs
Definition
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
antidepressants which block the enzymatic digestion of norepinephrine and serotonin
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