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Psychology- 5th Ed. Nairne
chapter 10 vocab
22
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
10/06/2010

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Term
psychometrics
Definition
the use of pschological tests to measure the mind and mental processes
Term
factor analysis
Definition
a statistical procedure that groups together related items on tests by analyzing the correlations among test scores
Term
g (general intelligence)
Definition
according to Spearman, a general factor, derived from factor analysis, that underlies or contributes to performance on a variety of mental tests
Term
s (specific intelligence)
Definition
according to Spearman, a specific factor, derived from factor analysis, that is unique to a particular kind of test
Term
fluid intelligence
Definition
the natural ability to solve problems, reason and remember; fluid intelligence is thought to be relatively uninfluenced by experience
Term
crystallized intelligence
Definition
the knowledge and abilities aquired as a result of experience (as from schooling and cultural influences)
Term
multiple intelligences
Definition
the notion proposed by Howard Gardner that people possess a set of seperate and independent "intelligences" ranging from musical to linguistic to interpersonal ability
Term
triarchic theory
Definition
Robert Sternberg's theory of intelligence; it proposes three types of intelligence: analytic, creative, and practical
Term
achievement test
Definition
psychological tests that measure your current level of knowledge or competence in a particular subject
Term
aptitude test
Definition
psychological tests that measure your ability to learn or aquire knowledge in a particular subject
Term
reliability
Definition
a measure of the consistency of test results; reliable tests produce similar scores or indices from one administration to the next
Term
validity
Definition
an assessment of how well a test measures what it is supposed to measure. Content Validity assesses the degree to which the test samples broadly across the domain of interest: predictive validity assesses how well the test predicts some future criterion; constuct validity assesses how well the test taps into a particular theoretical construct
Term
standardization
Definition
keeping the testing, scoring, and interpretation procedures similar across all administrations of a test
Term
mental age
Definition
the chronological age that best fits a child's level of performance on a test of mental ability
Term
intelligence quotient (IQ)
Definition
mental age divided by chronological age and then multiplied by a hundred
Term
deviation IQ
Definition
an intelligence score that is derived from determining where your performance sits in an age-based distribution of test scores
Term
mental retardation
Definition
a label generally assigned to someone who scores below 70 on a standard IQ test, although other factors, such as ones ability to adapt to the evironment are also important
Term
gifted
Definition
a label generally assigned to someone who scores above 130 on a standard IQ test
Term
creativity
Definition
the ability to generate ideas that are orginal, novel and useful
Term
emotional intelligence
Definition
the ability to perceive, understand, and express emotions in ways that are useful and adaptive
Term
tacit knowledge
Definition
unspoken practical knowledge about how to perform well on the job
Term
heritability
Definition
a mathematical index that represents the extent to which IQ differences in a particular population can be accounted for by genetic factors
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