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Psychology Unit 1
n/a
39
Physiology
11th Grade
09/14/2008

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Term
Definition of psychology
Definition
the scientific study of behavior and mental processes in contexts
Term
four mental processes
Definition
thinking, perception, language, memory
Term
"contexts" in definition of psychology
Definition
backgrounds-
medical,family, economic (financial), social, cultural, and previous psychiatric history
Term
Francis Bacon
Definition
emphasized the scientific method
Term
survival of the fittest
Definition
Darwin's theory of evolution and biological adaptation
Term
Wilhelm Wundt
Definition
developed the first scientific psycholory laboratory
Term
Wilhelm Wundt
Definition
theory of introspection; a structuralist
Term
William James
Definition
father of functionalism
Term
soft hearted vs. hard headed
Definition
counselors vs. lab psychologists
Term
behaviorists
Definition
looks at environment and events (not emotion) as the cause of behavior
Term
psychoanalytic
Definition
unconcious aspects of the mind
one of the six contemporary perspectives
Term
American Psychological Association
Definition
largest organization of psychologists; founded by G. Stanley Hall
Term
B.F. Skinner
Definition
founding father of behaviorism
Term
Sigmund Freud
Definition
psychoanalytic that focused on internal conflicts
Term
sex vs. gender
Definition
biological term vs. sociocultural term
Term
humanistic
Definition
one of the contemporary perspectives;
everybody has the potential for growth
Term
clinical and counseling
Definition
most widely practiced area of psychology is clinical and counseling
Term
sceintific method
Definition
approach used to discover accurate information or setablish meaningful relations about mind and behavior
Term
steps of the scientific method
Definition
analyze a problem, formulate an explanation, collect data (contexts) use statistical procedures to interpret data, draw conclusions, confirm/revise
Term
random sampling
Definition
everyone has an equal chance of being selected; rules out bias
Term
bias?
Definition
Term
laboratories and observation
Definition
two types of research settings are -- (greater control)and -- (real-world settings)
Term
case studies
Definition
assessment measure that is the most personal
Term
correlation research
Definition
describes the relation between two or more events/characteristics
Term
experimental research
Definition
methods that provide the deepest level of explanation (cause and effect)
usually in lab settings
Term
ethical treatment of humans/animals
Definition
1. informed consent 2. cannot cause physical, mental, or emotional harm 3. you have the right to withdraw at any time 4. all information is confidential
Term
public information not always credible
Definition
groub results are often individualized or studies of small samples are over generalized means that
Term
nature vs. nurture
Definition
genes/bilogical inheritance vs. environment
Term
evolutionary perspective
Definition
species may change over time through natural selection
Term
sociobioligical
Definition
behavior is motivated by a desire to dominate the gene pool
Term
race vs. ethnicity
Definition
biological concept vs. sociocultural concept
Term
central nervous system
Definition
made of brain and spinal cord
Term
peripheral nervous system
Definition
connects brain and spinal cord to other parts of the body
Term
structure of a neuron
Definition
axon, dendrite and cell body
Term
nerve impulse; action potential
Definition
impulse carried along the neuron as a brief wave of electrical charge which sweeps down the axon
Term
synapses
Definition
gaps between neurons
Term
neurotransmitters
Definition
chemicals spweed into the synapse to allow messages to be carried across synapse
Term
terminal buttons
Definition
location in an axon where neurotransmitters are stored
Term
excitatory or inhibitory
Definition
reactions of neurotransmitters can either be -- or --
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