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Psychology 1100 Mid Term
Terms for the Psychology Mid Term
65
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
10/11/2011

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Term
Definition - Psychology
Definition
1. The Science of Mind and Behavior
2. The Science of Knowing and Behavior
3. The Science of Epistemology
4. The Science of Things that Move Around on their Own.
Term
Date - 1879
Definition
Wilhelm Wundt funds the first laboratory dedicated to psychology in Germany, separating psychology from philosophy for the first time.
Term
Date - 1913
Definition
John Broadas Watson declares that to be a science, psychology must only study the observable and thus must be a study of behavior rather than of the mind.
Term
Date - 1967
Definition
Ulric Neisser publishes his text book called "Cognitive Psychology" which outlined all of the research from the previous decade and lead to its rapid success.
Term
Term - Rationalism
Definition
Born with innate ideas; experience provides occasions for knowing. (Hard wired into the brain at birth)
Term
Term - Empiricism
Definition
Born as a clean slate; experience is a source of knowledge.
Term
Question - How do rationalists arrive at knowledge?
Definition
Answer - Learn by operation of the mind.
Term
Question - How do empiricists arrive at knowledge?
Definition
Answer - Learn by connecting experiences to the world.
Term
Definition - Epistemology
Definition
Study of knowledge and justified beliefs.
Term
Definition - Dualism
Definition
Division of mental and psychical aspects.
Term
Definition - Pineal Gland
Definition
Location in the brain that produces melatonin; regulates sleep cycles.
Term
Definition - Reflex
Definition
An automatic, stereotyped movement produces as the direct result of a stimuli.
Term
Question - How many Neurons are in your body and how many connections does each one have?
Definition
Answer - 10 Billion Neurons with around 10,000 connections each.
Term
Question - What are the four parts of a Neuron?
Definition
Answer - Dendrites, Cell Body (Soma), Axon and the Terminal Endings.
Term
Definition - Synapse
Definition
Space between the neurons where electrochemical impulses travel to get to the dendrites of the next Neuron.
Term
Definition - Myelon Sheath
Definition
Insulates the Axon and causes the action potential to travel down the axon.
Term
Definition - Nodes of Ranvier
Definition
Discontinuations in the Myelon Sheath.
Term
Definition - Ion Channel
Definition
Lets Sodium into the Neuron.
Term
Definition - Serotonin
Definition
Neurotransmitter that is responsible for mood regulation. Depressed people have low levels.
Term
Definition - Disinhibition
Definition
Removes source of inhibition which makes the reflex stronger.
Term
Definition - Temporal Summation
Definition
Adding up effects or stimuli over a short period of time.
Term
Definition - Central Nervous System
Definition
"Center" or Spine and Brain.
Term
Definition - Peripheral Nervous System
Definition
"Outside of Center" or Everything else.
Term
Definition - Somatic Nervous System
Definition
"Body" or control you have over your body.
Term
Definition - Autonomic Nervous System
Definition
"Self-rule" or responses we have no control over.
Term
Definition - Sympathetic Nervous System
Definition
Mobilizes for energy (Excited States); Adrenaline.
Term
Definition - Parasympathetic Nervous System
Definition
Calm States (resting); conserves energy slows heart rate.
Term
Question - What are the part of the Hind Brain?
Definition
Answer - Medulla, Pons, and Cerebellum.
Term
Definition - Medulla
Definition
Regulates breathing, heart rate and blood circulation.
Term
Definition - Pons
Definition
Regulates arousal and attention.
Term
Definition - Cerebellum
Definition
Motor control (precision, timing and coordination) but doesn't initiate movement.
Term
Definition - Mid-Brain
Definition
Forms movements into actions; controls whole body responses to visual and auditory stimuli.
Term
Definition - Thalamus
Definition
Sensory and motor relay center.
Term
Definition - Hypothalamus
Definition
Controls responses to the basic needs; food, temptations and sex.
Term
Definition - Basal Ganglia
Definition
Regulates muscle contractions for smooth movements.
Term
Question - What parts does the Limbic System comprise of?
Definition
Answer - Hippocampus and Amygdala.
Term
Definition - Hippocampus
Definition
Responsible for processing memory.
Term
Definition - Amygdala
Definition
Responsible for processing emotion.
Term
Question - What are the four lobes in the Cerbral Cortex?
Definition
Anwser - The lobes areĀ  Frontal, Parietal, Occipital and Temporal
Term
Definition - Corpus Collosum
Definition
Connects hemispheres of the brain.
Term
Definition - Cerebral Cortex
Definition
Sink/Bark; 1-3 mm thick.
Term
Definition - Paul Broca's Area
Definition
Area of Brain that controls speech.
Term
Definition - Wernicke's Area
Definition
Area of brain that helps us understand speech.
Term
Definition - Frontal Lobe
Definition
Planning, social behavior and motor control. Located at the front of the brain.
Term
Definition - Parietal Lobe
Definition
Somatosensory (Sense of touch). Located at the back and top of brain.
Term
Definition - Occipital Lobe
Definition
Responsible for Vision. Located at the back of the brain.
Term
Definition - Temporal Lobe
Definition
Responsible for hearing and memory. Located on the side of the brain.
Term
Definition - Lesion
Definition
Damage to the Brain.
Term
Question - What did Wylder Penfield do?
Definition
Answer - Discovered the motor cortex and the sensory cortex.
Term
Question - What is the left hemisphere responsible for?
Definition
The left hemisphere is responsible for language.
Term
Question - What is the right hemisphere responsible for?
Definition
Answer - The right hemisphere is responsible for spatial abilities.
Term
Question - What is the front of the brain responsible for?
Definition
Answer - The front of the brain is responsible for expression, action and plans.
Term
Question - What is the back the brain responsible for?
Definition
Answer - The back of the brain is responsible for reception and perception.
Term
Definition - Superior Colliculus
Definition
Responsible for reflexes and autonomic responses. (Vision)
Term
Definition - Supstantia Nigra
Definition
Invovled in eye movement, reward seeking and addiction.
Term
Definition - Brain Plasticity
Definition
Neurons adapt and change through experience.
Term
Definition - Dopamine
Definition
Used for movements. Made in the substantia Nigra.
Term
Definition - Neglect
Definition
Right hemisphere damage causes inattention to whole left side.
Term
Definition - Aphasia
Definition
Left hemisphere damage causes deficit in language functions.
Term
Definition - Expressive Aphasia
Definition
Lesion to Broca's area causes an inability to produce speech.
Term
Definition - Receptive Aphasia
Definition
Lesion in Wenicker's area causes an inability to understand speech.
Term
Split-Brain Study
Definition
Corpus Collasum split so the brain hemispheres cannot communicate.
Term
Agonisa
Definition
Inability to recognize objects.
Term
Apraxia
Definition
A disorder of the brain and nervous system in which a person is unable to perform tasks or movements when asked, even though: The request or command is understood
Term
Association Cortex
Definition
Located is in the cerebral cortex outside the primary areas. It is essential for mental functions that are more complex than detecting basic dimensions of sensory stimulation, for which primary sensory areas appear to be necessary.
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