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PSYCH179
MIDTERM
49
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
10/21/2011

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
***Pharmokinetics***
Definition
Study of factors which determine amount of drug at sites of action
Term
***Pharmodynamics***
Definition
Study of how drugs produce their biological effect
Term
Pharmacology
Definition
Study of interaction of chemical reagents in living organisms
Term
Toxicology
Definition
Study of harmful effects of drugs
Term
Pharmacothereputics
Definition
Study of the diagnostic/thereputic effects of drugs
Term
Absorption
Definition
Movement of a drug produce their biological effect
Term

4 Methods of Drug Intake

 

Advantages

 

Disadvantages

Definition

1. IV- Titratable- No turning back

 

2. Smoked

 

3. IM- Rapid Onset- Discomfort, Tissue damage

 

4. Oral- Reversible, safe- Poor/slow absorption

Term
Classes of Drugs
Definition

Sedatives/Hypnotics

Alc-H, Barbituates-L

 

Stimulants

Nic-H, Cocaine- H

 

Opiates

Hero-H, Morph-H

Term
Physical Dependence
Definition
Physical disturbance when the administration of a drug is suspended
Term
Psychic Dependence
Definition
"...to produce pleasure or to avoid discomfort"
Term

Dependence

 

vs

 

dependence

Definition

Compulsive drug use with LOSS OF CONTROL over intake and emergence of negative emotional state upon cessation of chronic drug use

 

 

The manifestation of a withdrawl syndrome; you can have abstinence syndrome without addiction

Term

DSM IV

 

definition of dependence

 

***

Definition

Tolerance

 

Withdrawl

 

Large Amounts

 

Time

 

Want to cut down, can not reduce

 

Activities reduced

 

Phys + Psych prob

Term
Schedules of Controlled Substances
Definition

Sched 1

No accepted medical use and high abuse potential

Heroin, Marijuana, LSD, MDM

 

Sched 2

High abuse potential and sever psychic and phys dependence

Opium, Morphine, Codeine, Methamphetamines

 

Sched 3

Less abuse potential than 1 and 2 and have compounds containing limited quantities of certain narcotic and nonnarcotics drugs

Nalorphine

 

Sched 4

Less abuse potential than 3

Barbital, Lorazepam

 

Sched 5

Less abuse potential than 4 and have moderate, limited quantities of certain narcotic drugs

Generally for antitussive or antidiarrheal purposes

Term
Opiate
Definition

Derived from opium, has morphine-like effect

 

Natural, Semi-synethic

Term
Opioid
Definition

Any drug natural or synethic that has morphine like effect

 

Natural, Endorphins, Semi-Synthetics, Synthetic

Term
Narcotic
Definition

Any drug of abuse

 

(used to be sleep inducing drug)

Term
Analgesia
Definition
Raising of pain threshold/ lowering pain
Term
Hyperalgesia
Definition
Lowering of pain threshold/ increased pain
Term
Allodynia
Definition

Painful response to nonpainful stimulus

 

(opioid withdrawl)

Term
Anesthesia
Definition
Analgesia, loss of consciousness, loss of memory
Term

Medical Uses

 

of

 

OPIOIDS

Definition

1. Analgeisa

-Acute-- pre/post surgery

-Chronic- cancer

-Epidural- baby

 

2. Cough

 

3. Dysentary+Severa Diarrhea

Stops you up/ Constipates you

Term
***Potency***
Definition

Dose required to produce an effect relative to a standard

 

 

Potency is relative dose required to produce a desired effects

 

 

 

left less potent

right more potent

Term
Effectiveness
Definition

Percent maximum response a drug has

 

up inc in effective

down dec in effective

Term
Thereputic Ratio
Definition

LD50/ED50

 

Alc = 1.0 = BAD

 

 

Term
Opioids used for Diarrhea
Definition

Imodium

Does not cross blood brain barrier

Half life 11 hours

 

Lomotil

Crosses the blood brain barrier but atropine prevents abuse

Half life 13 hours

Term
Effects of Opioids on pain
Definition

-Analgesia selective to pain

raising of pain threshold

lowering pain

OTHER SENSORY MODALITIES NOT ALTERED

(touch, vibration, vision, hearing)

 

-Type of pain

better on continuous dull pain, not sharp intermitten pain

 

-Type of analgesic

Pain is present but patient feels more comfortable

Term
Oral Opioid Prep for Pain Management
Definition

POTENTIATION OF ANALGESIC EFFECT

 

CYP2D6 Enzyme

Breaks down coding or hydrocodine so you can not get the analgesic effect :(

Term
Pain Management with Opioids
Definition

Outpatient Analgesia

Oral, patch-trandermal

 

Inpatient Analgesia

IV titration possible

Patient controlled

-self admin

-doese less than oral

-greater relief

Term
Opioids as Adjuncts in Anesthesia
Definition

Balanced anesthesic

 

Aid in amnesia and analgesia

 

Remove autonomic effects

 

Often reduce post op pain

 

Use less anesthetic which lowers repiratory rate

 

Fentanyl 80x more potent than morphine

Term
Opioid Side Effects
Definition

Respiratory depression

Nausea

Constipation

Mental clouding (sleepy, decrease in mem)

Itching (interaction with histamine)

 

NO BODY HARM!

No liver

No frontal cortex

No holes in brain

Term
Heroin
Definition

Euphoric effects

 

Most commonly taken parentenally either

1. sucataneously (skin popping)

2. intravenously (main lining)

 

 

Term

4 STAGES

 

Heroin

Definition

1. Rush, Kick Thrill

2. Nod

3. High

4. Being Straight

Term

Rush, Kick, Thrill

 

Heroin

Definition

Pronounced euphoria

 

45 seconds

Term

Nod

 

Heroin

Definition

Feeling of drowsiness/solemness

"out of it"

Escape reality

Morpheous (God of Dreams)

Calm, distracted, content

Uninterested

Tolerance develops

 

15-20 minutes

Term

High

 

Heroin

Definition

Feeling of general well being

 

1. Boundless strenght and energy

2. Pleasant/dreamlike state

 

ELIMINATION OF CARE+WORRIES

Term

**BEING STRAIGHT**

 

Heroin

Definition

Hours 3-10/12

 

Normal- not sick, not suffering from withdrawl

Anxious at end for next fix

Term
Opiate Use Patterns
Definition

Drug use can begin with medical treatment (minor contribution)

 

"Recreational" drug use- primarily adolscents

 

Oral opaites- methadone from treatment cetners

Term
Types of Opiate Users
Definition

1. Junkie

2. Chipper

Term

Junkie

 

Opiates

Definition

Classic Addict

 

Longtime (chronic) user- only wants to know where it will come from next

Greatest fear is intense sickness that will come from withdrawl

95% of users inject

(D/d)ependent

 

Term

Chipper

 

Opiates

Definition

Occasional opiate use, nondependent

Occasional use may go on for years

 

RULES

Refuse to inject

Plan for their use

Caution when getting drug

Budget money

 

Able to deter when opiates are NOT available

Drug use involves complex social relations

Little evidence of physicological pathology

No mental deteriation

Term

Opiates

 

16-24 hours

*******

Definition
PUPILLARY DIALATION
Term

*************

Withdrawl

 

Short Acting

VS

Long Acting

 

drugs

Definition

Short Acting

Heroine

Short onset withdrawl

Short duration

Intense

 

Long Acting

Methadone

Long onset withdrawl (24+hours)

Long duration

Milder-less intense

Depedent

Term

Substance Dependence Addiction

TREATMENT

 

Opiates

Definition

DETOX

Methadone

Buprenorphine

Cold Turkey

 

METHADONE MAINTENANCE

No illicit drug use

Subsititue of oral methadone for IV Heroine

 

Buprenorphine MAINTENANCE

No illicit drug use

Partial agnostic

Term
Indirect Sympathomimetics
Definition
Stimulants indirectly activate the sympathetic nervous system (fight or flight); sympathetic refers to norepinephrine
Term
Cocaine
Definition
Reuptake blocker
Term
Amphetamines
Definition

Dexadrine

Methadrine

Preludin

Ritalin

 

Addy

**MADE UP OF 4 DIFFERENT AMPHETAMINE SALTS***

 

 

all these drugs indirectly push out NE

Term

COKE

VS

METH
*********** 

Definition

Coke

Half life- 60 min

Potency- Less Potent

Effectiveness- Equal

 

Meth

Half Life- 12 hrs

Potency- More Potent

Effectiveness- Equal

 

 

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