Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Psych 26-30
Memory
36
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
07/13/2011

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
memory
Definition
the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information
Term
encoding
Definition
process of information into the memory system-extracting meaning
Term
storage
Definition
the retention of encoded information over time
Term
retrieval
Definition
process of getting information out of memory storage
Term
sensory memory
Definition
the immediate, brief recording of sensory information in the memory system
Term
short-term memory
Definition
activated memory that holds a few items briefly such as digits of a phone number before they are forgotten
Term
long-term memory
Definition
relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system (knowledge, skills, experiences)
Term
working memory
Definition
a newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information and from long-term memory
Term
effortful processing
Definition
encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
Term
rehearsal
Definition
the conscious repetition of information to encode for storage
Term
spacing effect
Definition
the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention
Term
serial position effect
Definition
our tendency to recall the best the last and first items in a list
Term
visual encoding
Definition
the encoding of picture images
Term
acoustic encoding
Definition
the encoding of sound, especially the sound of words
Term
semantic encoding
Definition
the encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words
Term
imagery
Definition
mental pictures; powerful aid to effortful processing
Term
mnemonics
Definition
memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices
Term
chunking
Definition
organizing items into familiar manageable units
Term
iconic memory
Definition
a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli
Term
echoic memory
Definition
a momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere words and sounds can still be recalled
Term
long-term potentiation
Definition
an increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. Believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory
Term
flashbulb memory
Definition
a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
Term
amnesia
Definition
loss of memory
Term
implicit memory
Definition
retention independent of conscious recollection
Term
explicit memory
Definition
memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare"
Term
hippocampus
Definition
a neural center that is located in the limbic system; helps process explicit memories for storage
Term
recall
Definition
a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier
Term
recognition
Definition
a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned like on a multiple choice test
Term
relearning
Definition
a measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material a second time
Term
deja vu
Definition
I've experienced this before
Term
mood-congruent memory
Definition
the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood
Term
proactive interference
Definition
the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information
Term
retroactive interference
Definition
the disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information
Term
repression
Definition
the basic defense mechanism that banishes from conscious anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories
Term
misinformation effect
Definition
incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event
Term
source amnesia
Definition
attributing to the wrong source an event we have experiences, heard about, read about or imagined
Supporting users have an ad free experience!