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Psych 135
Psych 135 Final Studies
29
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
06/08/2009

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Cards

Term
Deindividuation in The Dark
Definition
Shows that people are more likely to carry out socially deviant and abnormal behavior when they feel anonymous and deindividuated
Term
Self-Serving Bias
Definition
Shows how couples remembered doing more chores than their spouse. We often only selectively remember things we do, to make us look and feel better
Term
Positive and Negative Cognition After Failure
Definition
This study shows that HSE people are more likely to think about their strengths after failures, while LSE people are likely to think about their weaknesses. HSE people recover quicker after failures, while LSE people stew in their failures
Term
Threatened Ego and Aggression
Definition
HSE individuals are more aggressive when they feel threatened, which stems from the fact that they have more ego they feel they have to protect, and thus feel more threatened
Term
Self Evaluation Maintenance Theory
Definition
Study shows that we like to see close ties succeed, but only if it is in a domain that is not relevant to us. When they are in our domain, we like to see them fail, so we do not feel bad about ourselves
Term
Self-Enhancement Theory
Definition
We like to receive much more feedback on our strengths than our weaknesses. This promotes liking
Term
Self-Verification Theory
Definition
When forced to hear about strengths and weaknesses, we want to hear information that we believe to be true about ourselves. Good about good and bad about bad. Supports knowing
Term
Insufficient Justification
Definition
Study shows that when subjects only got $1 as reward for lying, they did not feel their actions were justified, so they changed their attitudes, which makes what they said not a lie
Term
Free Choice
Definition
Study shows how we rationalize why we picked appliance #4 over #5. In post study ratings, we rate #4 much higher than originally and #5 much lower.
Term
Initiation Rates
Definition
Study shows that people rationalize a hard initiation to a group by saying that they enjoy the group more. By making group appear great, their actions have been validated in their minds
Term
Counterattitudinal Essays
Definition
Study shows that under free choice we feel dissonance when we have written for something we do not agree, so we either change our attitudes after the fact, or claimed to have liked the thing in the past. We misremember to feel accurate
Term
Missatribution of Dissonance Arousal
Definition
Study shows that when subjects have something to attribute their arousal to, the arousal pill, they feel no need to change their attitudes or actions. They are not aware that arousal is due to dissonance
Term
Amnesia and Cognitive Dissonance
Definition
Study shows that rationalization is something that is not a conscious process, but something that happens automatically
Term
Castro Study
Definition
Study shows that people do not take into account situational factors very often. People should not make judgments about people who wrote pro-Castro essays, but had no choice, yet people still judge them as being pro-Castro
Term
Inaccurate Theories of Situational Influence
Definition
Shows that we have very bad theories about how strong situational pressures are. Compliance was much higher than expected, because we typically don't take into account situational pressures
Term
Incomplete Corrections
Definition
Study shows that when we see a woman looking anxious, we immediately assume she is an anxious person, only after taking into account to we correct our estimate, but it is not nearly enough of a correction
Term
Going to a Concert
Definition
Shows that the expected utility theory is incorrect, because we do not treat losses loom larger than gains
Term
Neglecting Base Rates
Definition
Study shows that in certain situations we ignore facts that reveal something about the situation and go with our instinct, which is wrong
Term
Conjunction Fallacy
Definition
Shows that two events are always less likely to occur than one single event, event if it doesn't appear so.
Term
Anchor and Adjustment
Definition
Study shows that we anchor on a certain fact, that is not always correct, and we adjust our perspective from there
Term
IAT
Definition
Study showed that there is something embedded within us that makes us prejudiced and create stereotypes. Implicit!
Term
Cognitive Miser
Definition
Study shows that when provided with a stereotypical label along with consistent stereotypes, our recall is better. Not only that, but we end up doing better on other tasks because we are not cognitively busy
Term
How Aggressive was That Punch?
Definition
Study reveals that with ambiguous situations,we are more likely to stereotype, use schemas, and use subjective construal
Term
Auto-Kinetic Effect
Definition
This study shows that over a period of time people conformed to each others beliefs and agreed on what distance the dot on the wall had moved
Term
Asch's Conformity
Definition
Study shows that subjects conformed by saying that one of the lines was the right choice, when they clearly knew that was the wrong answer, because they feared someone knew something they did not
Term
Cyberball
Definition
Study shows that social pain feels and looks like regular pain, thus our attempts to fit in make sense. Rejection increases conformity
Term
Epileptic Seizure
Definition
Reveals that when we are with other people, we are less likely to help out someone in need. Diffusion of responsibility largely accounts for this
Term
Smoke Filled Room
Definition
Study shows that people are much more likely to realize, or acknowledge that something is wrong if they are alone than if they are with a group of people.
Term
Which Way is the Subway Going?
Definition
This study shows that when we feel personally responsible for a situation, we are more likely to help. Once again shows that when we risk being blamed, we help
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