Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Psych 103 Kusick
HESI psych notes
35
Nursing
Not Applicable
10/29/2012

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Types of tx modalities

Milieu Therapy

Definition

1. the planned use of people, resources, and activities in the environment to assist in improving interpersonal skills, social functioning and performing ADL's

2. the focus is on the here and now (assisting the pt in dealing with the realities of today rather than focusing on the past)

3. it uses limit setting

4. it involves the client making decisions about own care.

5. uses activities that supprot group sharing, cooperation and compromise.

6. nursing interventions support client privacy and autonomy & provide clear expectations.

Term

Types of tx modalities

Behavior modification

Definition

1. this process is used to change ineffective behavior patterns; it focuses on the consequences of actions rather than peer pressure.

2. positive reinforcement is used to strenghten desired behavior (client is praised or given a token that can be exchanged for treat or activity)

3. negative reinforcement is used to decrease or eliminate inappropriate behavior (given a time out or taking token away)

4. role modeling and teaching new behaviors are important interventions

Term

Types of tx modalities

Family therapy

Definition

1. this form of group therapy identifies the entire family as the client

2. it is based on the concept of the family as a system of interrelated parts forming a whole.

3. the focus is on the patterns of interactions within the family, not an individual member

4. the therapist assists the family in identifying the roles assigned to each member based on family rules.

5. life scripts (living out parents dreams) and self fulfilling prophecies (unconciuosly following what one thinks should happen, therefore setting it up to happen) are identified.

6. congruent and incongruent communication patterns & behaviors are identified.

7. the goal is to develop appropriate role relationships.

Term

Types of tx modalities

Crisis intervention

Definition

1. this form of therapy is directed at the resolution of an immediate crisis, which the individual is unable to handle alone.

2. a crisis may develop when previous learned coping mechanisms are ineffective in dealing with the current problem

3. the individual is usually in a state of disequilibrium

4. if a client is in a panic state as a result of the disorganization, be very directive

5. forcus on the problem, not the cause

6. identify supprot systems

7. identify fast coping patterns used in other stressful situations.

8. the goal is to return individual to precrisis level of functioning

9. crisis intervention is usually limited to 6 wks

Term

Types of tx modalities

Cognitive therapy

Definition

1. it is directed at replacing a client's irrational beliefs and distorted attitudes.

2. it is focused, problem solving therapy

3. the therapist and client work together to identify and solve problems and overcome difficulties

4. short term therapy of 2-3 months duration

5. it involves cognitive restructuring

Term

ECT

electroconvulsive therapy

Definition

ect involves the use of electrically induced siezures for psychiatric purposes. It is used with severely depressed clients who fail to respond to antidepressant meds and therapy.

(may be used with extremely suicidal clients because meds usually take 2 wks to take effect)

Term
Nursing care prior to ECT
Definition
  • prepare client by teaching what the tx involves
  • avoid using the word "shock" when discussing with client & family
  • an anticholinergic (atropine sulfate) is usually given 30 min prior to dry oral secretions
  • a fast acting muscle relaxant (succinylcholine[anectine]) is given to client before ect to help prevent bone or muscle damage.
  • have an emergency cart, suction equipment and O2 available in room
Term
Nursing care after ECT
Definition
  • maintain a patent airway; client is in an unconscious state immediately following
  • check vitals Q15 min until client is alert
  • reorient client after ect (confusion is likely)
Term
common complaints following ect
Definition
  • headache
  • muscle soreness
  • nausea

 

Term

Helpful techniques

Acknowledgement

Definition
recognizing the client's opinions without imposing your own values & judgement
Term

Helpful techniques

Clarifying

Definition
the process of making sure you have understood the meaning of what was said
Term

Helpful techniques

Confrontation

Definition
calling attention to inconsistent behavior, information shared or not shared
Term

Helpful techniques

Focusing

Definition
assisting the client to explore a specific topic which may include sharing perceptions and theme identification
Term

Helpful techniques

Information giving

Definition
feedback about client's observed behavior
Term
What action should the nurse take in a psychiatric situation when the client describes a physical problem???
Definition
ASSESS!!
Term
Basic communication principles
Definition
  • establish trust
  • demonstrate a nonjudgemental attitude
  • offer self; be empathetic not sympathetic
  • use active listening
  • accept and support client's feelings
  • clarify and validate client's statements
  • use matter-of-fact approach
Term
Theraputic communication
Definition
  • keep the interaction open, genuine and client-centered
  • phrases that are useful in theraputic interaction

  • keep the client as the focus

  • be aware of your own anxiety level and feelings

Term
Useful phrases for communication
Definition
  • "Tell me about..."
  • "Go on..."
  • "I'd like to discuss what you are thinking"
  • "What are your thoughts?"
  • "Are you saying that...?"
  • "What are you feeling?"
  • "Its seems as if..."
Term

Forbidden phrases for theraputic communication

What you should NEVER say

Definition
  • Avoid words like good, bad, right, wrong and nice
  • "You should..."
  • "You'll have to..."
  • "You can't..."
  • "If it were me, I'd..."
  • "Why don't you..."
  • "I think you..."
  • "It's the policy on this unit"
  • "Don't worry"
  • "Everyone..."
  • "Why...?"
  • "Just a second..."
  • "I know..."
Term

Denial

(defense machanisms)

Definition
unconscious failure to acknowledge an event, thought or feeling that is too painful for conscious awareness
Term

Displacement

(defense mechanisms)

Definition
the transference of feelings to another person or object
Term

Identification

(defense mechanisms)

Definition
attempt to be like someone or emulate the personality traits or behaviors of another person
Term

Intellectualization

(defense mechanisms)

Definition

using reason to avoid emotional conflicts

 

(ex.) a wife of a substance abuser describes the dynamics of enabling behavior yet she still calls him in sick at work

Term

Introjection

(defense mechanisms)

Definition

incorporation of values or qualities of an admired person or group into one's own ego structure

 

(ex.) a young man deals with a business client the same way his father does)

Term

Isolation

(defense mechanisms)

Definition
separation of an unacceptable feeling, idea or impulse from one's thought process
Term

Passive-agression

(defense mechanisms)

Definition
indirectly expressing agression toward others
Term

Projection

(defense mechanisms)

Definition
attributing one's own thoughts or impulses to another person
Term

Rationalization

(defense mechanisms)

Definition

offering an acceptable, logical explanation to make unacceptable feelings & behavior acceptable

 

(ex lol at this one! a student who did not do well on an exam says it was poorly taught )

Term

Reaction formation

(defense mechanisms)

Definition
development of conscious attitudes and behaviors that are the opposite of what is really felt
Term

Regression

(defense mechanisms)

Definition
reverting to an earlier level of development when anxious or highly stressed
Term

Repression

(defense mechanisms)

Definition
the involuntary exclusion of a painful thought or memory from awareness
Term

Sublimation

(defense mechanisms)

Definition

substitution of an unacceptable feeling by a more socially acceptable one

 

(ex.) a student who feels too small to play football becomes a champion marathon swimmer

Term

Suppression

(defense machanisms)

Definition
the intentional exclusion of feelings and ideas
Term

Undoing

(defense mechanisms)

Definition

communication or behavior done to negate a previously unacceptable act

 

(ex.) a young man who used to hunt wild animals now chairs a committee for the protection of animals

Term
Anxiety
Definition
an unexplained discomfort, tension, apprehension or uneasiness which occurs when a person feels threatened; the threat may be real or imagined and is very subjective
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