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PSUCOM BBD Exam #1
Intro to some bugs n drugs
21
Microbiology
Professional
04/03/2010

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Cards

Term
what is lactoferrin?
Definition
Protein that competes for iron
Term
who produces it (human or bug)?
Definition
Humans
Term
Why is it made?
Definition
to compete for iron required by bacteria for growth
Term
What is conjugation?
Definition
DNA via Pilus
Term
What is transduction?
Definition
DNA via phage
Term
What is transformation?
Definition
free DNA incorporated into competent cell.
Term
What is a siderophore and why do bugs produce them?
Definition
iron-chelator that competes with iron-binding proteins of host.
Term
In addition to Adhesin proteins, Gram (positive or negative?) bugs also use Teichoic and Lipoteichoic acid filaments for adherence.
Definition
Gram Positive
Term
Where do you find adhesin proteins on a bug?
Definition
fimbriae
Term
what is opsonization?
Definition
Antibody (opsonin) coats the surface of a bug to enhance phagocytosis.
Term
Secondary Lysosomal Hydrolases (lysozyme, phospholipase, ribonuclease, deoxyribonuclease, protease) are: Oxygen INdependent or Dependent?
Definition
Oxygen independent. Function is enhanced by low pH of vacuoles.
Term
Name the stages of movement for a PMN to exit circulation and move toward exposed site.
Definition
1) Rolling. 2) Activation. 3) Adhesion. 4) Diapedesis.
Term
HOST DEFENSES: 2nd line defenses are (specific OR non-specific)? Give an example of one.
Definition
NON-specific. Example is Inflammation
Term
Name 3 granulocytes.
Definition
basophil, eosinophil, neutrophil. These all have cytoplasmic granules visible on microscopy.
Term
What is the approx % of circulating neutrophils in blood (as a percentage of total WBCs)?
Definition
55% - 90%.
Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
Term
Where can you find the secretory antibacterial IgA, as its used in a 1st line of defense?
Definition
saliva, breast milk, mucous covering the respiratory, intestinal and urinary tracts.
Term
what 3 reactive oxygen intermediates are produced in lysosomes in the oxygen dependent killing of bugs?
Definition
hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals, hydrogen peroxide.
Term
What does PAMP stand for?
Definition
Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern.
*recognized by toll-like receptors in both plants and animals.
Term
Steps of phagocytosis.
Definition
1) ingestion. 2) intracellular digestion (in phagolysosome). 3) Exocytosis.
Term
3 examples for 1st line of defense:
Definition
1) skin. 2) normal flora. 3) secreted antibacterial products (lysozyme, IgA, lactoferrin).
Term
Function of lysozyme:
Definition
destroys peptidoglycan layer
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