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Details Title PSCI 1040 Exam 2 review Description Review Part 1 (Congress and The Presidency) Total Cards 95 Subject Political Studies Created 11/01/2011

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Term 12th amendment	Definition The electors shall… vote by ballot for President and Vice President… they shall name in their ballots the person voted for as President, and in distinct ballots the person voted for as Vice-President.
Term 22nd amendment	Definition imposes 2 term limit on presidency.
Term Administration	Definition The president and his politcal appointees, who are responsible for directing the executive branch of government.
Term Appointment Power	Definition The president “shall appoint Ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls… and all other Officers of the United States.”
Term Appropriations Committee	Definition spending money committee
Term Appropriations process	Definition Process of providing funding for governmental activities and programs that have been authorized.
Term Authorization process	Definition Term applied to the entire process pof providing statutory authority for a government program or activity.
Term Bicameral	Definition Containing two chambers as does a legislature such as the U.S. congress.
Term Bully Pulpit	Definition The nature of presidential statuses as an ideal vehicle for persuading the public to support the president's policies.
Term Cabinet	Definition Top administration officials, most of whom are heads of departments in the executive branch.
Term Caucus	Definition A voluntary group within Congress, formed by members to pursue shared interests; a caucus can cross party, committee, and even chamber lines.
Term Cloture	Definition Motion to end debate in the Senate; requires 60 votes to pass.
Term Commander in chief	Definition The president in his constitutional role as head of the U.S. armed forces.
Term Conference Committee	Definition A group of representatives from both the House and Senate who iron out the differences between the two chamber's versions of a bill or resolution.
Term Current House Assistant Minority Leader	Definition James Clyburn
Term Current House Majority Leader	Definition Eric Cantor
Term Current House Majority Whip	Definition Kevin McCarthy
Term Current House Minority Leader	Definition Nanci Pelosi
Term Current House Minority Whip	Definition Steny Hoyer
Term Current President Pro Tempore	Definition Daniel Inouye
Term Current Senate Majority Leader	Definition Harry Reid
Term Current Senate Majority Whip	Definition Richard Durbin
Term Current Senate Minority Leader	Definition Mitch McConnell
Term Current Senate Minority Whip	Definition Jon Kyl
Term Current Senators for TX	Definition Sr. Kay Bailey Hutchison Jr. John Cornyn
Term Current Speaker of the House	Definition John Boehner
Term Delegate	Definition Role a representative plays when following the wishes of those who have elected him or her regardless of what he or she believes good public policy ought to be.
Term Divided Government	Definition The control of the presidency by one party and the control of one or both houses of Congress by the other.
Term Earmarks	Definition In a budget, designation of funds for a specific use.
Term Enumerated Powers	Definition power of the purse (tax&spend), power of the sword (declare war), coin money
Term Executive Agreement	Definition -Executive agreements compromise 90% of all international agreements. -Has status as law, but requires no vote by the House or the Senate.
Term Executive Immunity	Definition The protection the president enjoys against the legal processes of other branches related to conduct in his official capacity as president.
Term Executive Office of the President (EOP)	Definition Agency that houses both top coordinating offices and other operating agencies.
Term Executive order	Definition A presidential directive that has the force of law, although it is not enacted by Congress
Term Executive privilege	Definition The right of the president to deny Congress information it requests on the grounds that the activities of the executive branch must be kept confidential
Term Filibuster	Definition Delaying tactic by which one or more senators refuse to allow a bill or resolutions to be considered, either by speaking indefinitely or by offering dilatory motions and amendments.
Term Gerrymandering	Definition Drawing boundary lines of congressional districts in order to confer an advantage on some partisan or political interest.
Term Hold	Definition An informal practice by which a Senator informs his or her floor leader that he or she does not wish a particular bill or other measure to reach the floor for consideration.
Term Honeymoon	Definition The first several months of a presidency, when reporters are more forgiving than usual, Congress is more inclined to be cooperative, and the public is more receptive to new approaches
Term Impeachment	Definition Recommendation by a majority of the House that a president, another official in the executive branch, or a judge of the federal courts be removed from office.
Term Implied Powers	Definition Implied powers, in the United States, are those powers authorized by a legal document (from the Constitution) which, while not stated, are seemed to be implied by powers expressly stated.
Term Important House Committees	Definition Appropriations Committee Ways and Means Committee Rules Committee
Term Important Senate Committees	Definition Budget Committee Finance Committee Appropriations Committee Foreign Relations Committee
Term Independent counsel	Definition Legal officer appointed by a court to investigate allegations of criminal activity on the part of high-ranking members of the executive branch.
Term Inherent Executive power	Definition Presidential authority inherent in the executive branch of government, although not specifically mentioned in the Constitution.
Term Inherent Powers	Definition These powers, like the implied powers, are not explicitly listed in the Constitution, but they are said to be inherent to the very idea of national government.
Term Joint Committee	Definition containing members of both houses, can be convened in order to coordinate activities, avoid duplicating work, or to discuss matters of common interest.
Term Line item veto	Definition Presidential authority to negate particular provisions of a a law while letting the remainder stand; granted by Congress sin 1996 but struck down by the Supreme court in 1998
Term Majority leader	Definition The speaker's chief lieutenant in the House and for the most important officer in the Senate. Chosen by the majority party membership.
Term Markup	Definition Process in which a committee or subcommittee considers and revises a bill that has been introduced.
Term Minority leader	Definition Leader of the minority party who coordinates the minority's attempts to improve or defeat majority legislation.
Term Multiple Referrals	Definition Process occurring when party leaders give more than one committee responsibility for considering a bill.
Term Necessary and Proper Clause	Definition The Congress shall have Power To make all Laws, which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers…
Term Override	Definition Congressional passage of a bill by a 2/3 vote despite the president's veto.
Term Pardon Authority	Definition The President… “Shall have Power to grant Reprieves and Pardons for Offences against the United States, except in cases of Impeachment.”
Term Party Caucus	Definition All democratic members of the House or Senate. Members in caucus elect the part leaders, ratify the choice of committee leaders, and debate party positions on issues.
Term Party conference	Definition What Republicans call their party caucus
Term Pocket Veto	Definition Presidential veto after congressional adjournment, executed merely by not signing a bill into law.
Term Power to inform and persuade	Definition The President “shall from time to time give to Congress information of the State of the Union.
Term Presidency Line of Succession	Definition 1. Vice President 2. Speaker of the House 3. Pro Tempore of the Senate
Term President Pro Tempore	Definition The president of the Senate, who presides in the absence of the vice president.
Term President as Chief of State	Definition The President “shall receive Ambassadors and other public Ministers… and shall commission all the officers of the United States.”
Term President of the Senate	Definition Joe Biden
Term Presidential Requirements	Definition -Natural Born Citizen -Resident for 14 years -35 years of age.
Term Reapportionment	Definition Redrawing of electoral district lines to reflect population changes
Term Rep/Dem count for House of Representatives	Definition 242 Republicans 192 Democrats
Term Rep/Dem count for Senate	Definition 47 Republicans 53 Democrats
Term Rule	Definition the terms and conditions under which a bill or resolution will be considered on the floor of the House- in particular, how long debate will last, how time will be allocated, and the number and type of amendments that will be in order.
Term Rules Committee	Definition sets the terms and rules of house.
Term Secretary	Definition The title of the head of a department within the executive.
Term Select Committee	Definition Temporary committee created to deal with a specific issue or problem.
Term Seniority	Definition Practice by which the majority party member with longest continuous service on a committee becomes the chair.
Term Speaker	Definition The presiding officer of the House of Representatives; normally, the Speaker is the leader of the majority party.
Term Sponsor	Definition Representative or senator who introduces a bill or resolution.
Term Standing Committee	Definition Committee with fixed membership and jurisdiction, continuing from Congress to Congress.
Term State of the Union Address	Definition Annual speech delivered by the president in late January of early in fulfillment of the constitutional obligation of reporting to Congress the state of the union.
Term Suspension of the rules	Definition Fast-track procedure for considering bills and resolutions in the House; debate is limited to 40 minutes, no amendments are in order, and a two-thirds majority is required for passage.
Term Term length for the Senate	Definition 6 years
Term Term length of the House	Definition 2 years
Term The "two presidencies"	Definition President has a better chance at getting foreign policies done than his own domestic ones.
Term Transition	Definition the period after a presidential candidate has won the November election, but before the candidate assumes office as president on January 20.
Term Trustee	Definition Role a representative plays when acting in accordance with his or her own best judgment to decide what is best for the country.
Term U.S. House of Representatives (composition)	Definition 435 seats Based on population Census to know population
Term U.S. House of Representatives (qualifications)	Definition 25yrs old, 7yr citizenship
Term U.S. Senate (composition)	Definition 100 members 2 per state
Term U.S. Senate (qualifications)	Definition 30yrs old, 9yr citizenship
Term Unanimous-Consent agreement	Definition An agreement that sets forth the terms and conditions according to which the Senate will consider a bill; these agreements are individually negotiated by the leadership for each bill.
Term Veto Bargaining	Definition when the president uses the threat of a veto to encourage Congress to support positions that the president supports
Term Veto Power	Definition Power giving presidents the capacity to prevent bills passed by congress from becoming law. Can be overridden by 2/3 vote in each chamber.
Term Ways and Means Committee	Definition the committee that writes tax laws
Term What is the purpose of a committee?	Definition To divide up specific work for Congress and to work on certain issues.
Term Whips	Definition Members of Congress who serve as information channels linking the leadership and the rank and file, communicating the leadership's views and intentions to the members and vice versa.
Term White House Office	Definition Political appointees who work directly for the president, many of whom occupy offices in the White House.
Term chief of staff	Definition Head of the White House staff, who has continuous, direct contact with the president.
Term Hearing	Definition Witnesses speak in favor of or opposition of the bill.

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