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Principles 2, Exam 3, Obesity and Anesthesia slides 13-28
Fat guy in a little coat.....
17
Nursing
Graduate
11/02/2009

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Term
Obesity is a restrictive lung disease, T or F
Definition
T
Term
In the obese pt, FRC may fall below closing capacity, what will ensue?
Definition
distal alveoli will close and cause a V/Q mismatch
Term
In the obese pt, how are their O2 and CO2 blood levels changed?
Definition
increased O2 consumption coupled with restrictive lung condition reduces SaO2, while increased fat metabolism and reduced excretion increases PaCO2
Term
What is mainly responsible for the obesity related reduction in chest wall/lung compliance?
Definition
enormus amounts of fat on the chest
Term
Name the two main disorders of ventilatory control in fattys
Definition
OSA and pickwickian syndrome
Term
Is OSA related to daytime hypersomnolence, and why?
Definition
sure thing, because they have periodic partial or complete obstruction of the airway, resulting in repetitive arousal to restore patency
Term
What are three big pathological conditions that result from OSA?
Definition
O2 desaturation, hypercarbia, and cardiovascular dysfunction
Term
I have had a little too much to drink and have stumbled back to my hotel room and after scarfing down some chicken wings, have passed out naked on the bed. A particular room mate has walked in and after stating that he would never lick my taint, he has noticed that I am snoring and I have decreased airflow of >50% and a decreased O2 saturation, what breathing pattern is being exhibited?
Definition
Hypopnea
Term
define apnea
Definition
cessation of airflow for greater than 10 sec.
Term
Osa is associated with BMI of >30, visceral obesity and increased neck girth, what specific neck circumfrences in men and women are at high risk?
Definition
men >17in. and women >16in.
Term
I have been playing with my daddies horse tranquilizers and accidently shot my obese uncle bob in the ass. he is passing out quick and I know he has OSA, what is he at risk for?
Definition
airway collapsing, due to large craniofacial structures and increase in pharangeal tissue, when he loses the neuromuscular control the airway is likely to collapse
Term
What two factors contribute to airway patency?
Definition
pharyngeal dilator muscle contraction and air volume/pressure in the airway
Term
what two main factors contribute to airway collapse?
Definition
Negative pressure on inspiration and extralumenal positive pressure (fat deposits and small mandible)
Term
obesity decreases airway lumen size by increasing what structure size?
Definition
sof tissue
Term
small maxilla/mandible pts have a reduction in airway size due to what?
Definition
a reduction in the bony inclosure
Term
during wakefullness, an OSA pt has reflex driven constriction of pharyngeal dilator muscles which maintain airway patency, during sleep this reflex is much less powerful, predisposing them to what?
Definition
due to more soft tissue or a small bony space the extraluminal pressure will rise and the airway will narrow or collapse
Term
describe the OSA sleep cycle
Definition
pt falls asleep, reduction in reflex muscle activation causes fat to obstruct the airway, pt snores, hypoxia and hypercarbia ensue, pts brain says wake the F up dude, pts ventilation returns to "normal" and they fall asleep, repeat
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