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Physiology Exam III
Cardiac Performance
23
Physiology
Professional
03/08/2011

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Cards

Term
What do T-tubules do?
Definition
Bring the action potential into the interior of the cell
Term
Where are T-tubules located?
Definition
Invaginate the cell at the Z-line
Term
What is the preload?
Definition
It is the end-diastolic volume
Term
What is the end-diastolic volume related to?
Definition
Right atrial pressure
Term
T/F Increasing venous return will decrease end-diastolic volume.
Definition
False, it will increase end-diastolic volume.
Term
What two places are the after load associated with?
Definition
Left ventricle and Right ventricle
Term
What is the afterload for the right ventricle?
Definition
Pulonary artery pressure
Term
What is the afterload for the left ventricle?
Definition
Aortic pressure
Term
Velocity of contraction at a fixed muscle length is (maximal/minimal) when the afterload is zero. It is deccreased by (increases/decreases) in afterload
Definition
- maximal
- increases
Term
Explain Frank-Sterling relationship
Definition
An increase in stroke volume and cardiac output will occur in response to an increase in end-diastolic volume
Term
T/F The Frank-Starling relationship matches cardiac output to venous return
Definition
True
Term
T/F The more pressure you have in the aortic blood the greater the stroke work
Definition
True
Term
What is stroke work?
Definition
The mechanical work done by the heart during a single heart beat
Term
What feature on the ventricular pressure-volume loops represents the stroke work?
Definition
The area of the loop
Term
What is the average HR.
Definition
70-80 bpm
Term
What is stroke volume?
Definition
The volume of blood ejected from the left ventricle on each heart beat.
Term
What is the equation for stroke volume?
Definition
SV = EDV - ESV
Term
How is cardiac output measured?
Definition
Cardiac output = SV x Heart rate
Term
How is stroke work measured?
Definition
SW = SV x Aortic pressure
Term
How is cardiac index measured?
Definition
Cardiac output/BSA (body surface area)
Term
How is ejection fraction measured?
Definition
EF(%) = SV/EDV x100 = (EDV - ESV)/EDV x 100
Term
In regards to strove volume, an increase in preload will result in an (increase/decrease) in stroke volume
Definition
Increase in stroke volume
Term
In regards to stroke volume, an increase in after-load will result in a (increase/decrease) of stroke volume
Definition
Decrease in stroke volume
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