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Physical Science Final
Study Guide for "Conceptual Physics" 11th Edition by Paul G. Hewitt
31
Science
Undergraduate 2
03/17/2012

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Term
Newton's First Law of Motion
Definition
(Law of Inertia) Every object continues in a state of rest or of uniform speed in a straight line unless acted on by a nonzero force.
EF=0
Term
Equilibrium Rule
Definition
the vector sum of forces equals zero
Term
Inertia
Definition
the property of things to resist change in motion
Term
Force
Definition
a push or pull
Term
Net Force
Definition
the vector sum of forces that act on an object
Term
Speed (formula)
Definition
speed=distance/time
Term
Instantaneous Speed (formula)
Definition
velocity=(gravity(10m/s^2))(time)
Term
Average Velocity (formula)
Definition
Average Velocity= (V1+V2)/2
Term
Distance of a Falling Object from free fall (formula)
Definition
distance=(1/2)(gravity)(time^2)
Term
Velocity acquired in free fall from rest(distance)
Definition
velocity=(acceleration)(time)
Term
Acceleration
Definition
acceleration=(change of velocity)/(time interval)
Term
Gravity
Definition
~10m/s^2
Term
Free Falling Object (formula)
Definition
velocity=(gravity)(time)
Term
Force (formula)
Definition
force=(mass)(acceleration)
Term
Mass (definition)
Definition
the quantity of matter in an object.
Term
Weight
Definition
the force upon an object due to gravity
Term
Newton's Second Law of Motion
Definition
the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on the object, is in the direction of the net force, and is inversely proportional to the mass of the object
Acceleration ~ net force/mass
Term
Acceleration for friction (formula)
Definition
acceleration = net force/mass
Term
Weight (formula)
Definition
w = mass X gravity
Term
Terminal Speed
Definition
the speed at which the acceleration of a falling object terminates because air resistance balances its weight. When talking about speed and direction, that is called terminal velocity.
Term
Friction (definition)
Definition
the resistive force that opposes the motion or attempted motion of an object either past another object it is on contact with or through a fluid
Term
Newton's Third Law of Motion
Definition
whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first.
Term
Vectors (equation)
Definition
R=SQRT(X^2+Y^2)
Term
Momentum (equation)
Definition
Momentum = mass X velocity
Term
Impulse
Definition
Impulse = force X time interval
Term
Impulse Changes Momentum (formula)
Definition
Force X time = change in (mass X velocity)
Term
Law of Conservation of Momentum
Definition
In the absence of an external force, the momentum of a system remains unchanged.
Term
Collisions
Definition
net momentum before collision = net momentum after collision
Term
Elastic Collision
Definition
collision in which colliding objects rebound without lasting deformation or heat generation
Term
Inelastic Collision
Definition
collision in which the colliding objects become distorted and/or generate heat during the collision, and possibly stick together
Term
Momentum Conservation (formula)
Definition
(mass X velocity) before = (mass X velocity) after
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