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Pharmacology
Exam 4 2012
121
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 3
03/27/2012

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Cards

Term
Drugs which increase GABA activity/efficacy can cause
Definition
respiratory depression
Term
Decreasing GABA activity will produce
Definition
convulsions
Term
Which of the following have a direct effect to increase the flow of chloride ions through the Cl- ionophore?
Definition
GABA agonist
Term
Which of the following mechanisms is associated with Benzodiazepine activity?
Definition
increased frequency of Cl- channel openings
Term
Which of the following mechanisms is associated with Barbiturate activity?
Definition
increased duration of Cl- channel openings
Term
Benzodiazepines are useful for treating
Definition

anxiety

insomnia

epilepsy

Term
Which of the following is most closely associated with the etiology of Parkinson's Disease?
Definition
neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra
Term
Which of the following effects are associated with benzodiazepine activity:
Definition
decreased recall (memory loss)
Term
Conventional antipsychotics produce drowsiness due to:
Definition
anti-histimine effects
Term
Which of the following symptoms are associated with Parkinsons disease?
Definition

tremor

increased muscle tone

bradykinesia

Term
Which of the following is not a symptom typical of schizophrenia?
Definition
dysphagia
Term
Loss of activity of which of the following is associated with narcolepsy?
Definition
hypocretin
Term
Which of the following symptoms are associated with Parkinsons disease?
Definition
constipation
Term
Which of the following are true for Parkinsons disease?
Definition
increased susceptibility to infection
Term
Atypical antipsychotics differ from the older, conventional antipsychotics in that they show less:
Definition
parkinson-like side effects
Term
Which of the following is a benzodiazepine useful for treating insomnia?
Definition
temazepam (Restoril)
Term
Which of the following is best in treating generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)?
Definition
paroxetine (Paxil)
Term
Atypical antipsychotics differ from the older, typical antipsychotics in that they show less:
Definition
D2 receptor binding time
Term
Ethanol potentiates the effects of benzodiazepines because:
Definition
they both increase Cl- ion influx
Term
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia include:
Definition
auditory hallucinations
Term
Primarily useful in younger Parkinson's patients whose major symptom is tremor would be:
Definition
anticholinergic agent
Term
The primary receptor for Glutamate is:
Definition
NMDA
Term
GABA, Adenosine, and DA are
Definition
inhibitory neurotransmitters in the CNS
Term
Caffeine is a 
Definition
adenosine A2 receptor blocker
Term
A depressed person who does not meet all the criteria for major depression, but remains somewhat depressed for a long period of time is said to have:
Definition
dysthymia
Term
Which of the following is not true?
Definition
Depression is rarely seen in the elderly (>65)
Term
Major depression is best associated with:
Definition
inherited vulnerability
Term
Patients taking atypical antipsychotic drugs are at increased risk of developing
Definition
Type 2 diabetes
Term
Which of the following is true for Ghrelin?
Definition

promotes growth hormone release

secreted by P/D1 cells in fundus of stomach

increases appetite by stimulating NP-Y secretion

Term
Which of the following is not involved in promoting appetitie (stimulates eating)
Definition
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Term
Loss of activity of which of the following is most likely to be associated with insomnia?
Definition
Melatonin
Term
Which of the following is most likely to be affected by substance P?
Definition

mood

pain perception

nausea and vomiting

Term
Which of the following contributes to Leptins' appetitie-suppresion acitivity?
Definition
decreases NP-Y seccretion
Term
Which of the following is true for Ghrelin?
Definition
ir promotes learning and memory
Term
GABA is:
Definition
a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS
Term
Benzodiazepines are:
Definition
drugs that enhance GABA activity
Term
Absence of leptin synthesis results in:
Definition
hyperphagia and obesity
Term
An unpleasant emotional state of worry without a readily appparent cause is:
Definition
anxiety
Term
GABAA receptors are:
Definition

made up of multiple subnits

associated with a Cl- ionophore

located in neuronal membranes in the CNS

Term
Increasing GABA activity will produce:
Definition
sedation
Term
Benzodiazepines are useful for treating:
Definition

anxiety

insomnia

epilepsy

Term
Which of the following have a direct effect to increase the flow of chloride ions through the Cl- ionophore?
Definition
GABA agonist
Term
Which of the following mechanisms is associated with allopregnanolone activity?
Definition
increased duration of Cl- channel openings
Term
Which of the following is least likely to be helped if treated using a benzodiazepine?
Definition
OCD (obsessive compulsive disorder)
Term
A Glycine receptor antagonist is most likely to be?
Definition
anticonvulsant
Term
A GABA receptor antagonist (blocker) is most likely to be?
Definition

none of the above!!!!

antidepressant, antoconvulsant, antianxiety, antipsychotic

Term
An excitatory CNS neurotransmitter is:
Definition
Glutamate
Term
Which of the following is not associated with a Cl- ionophore?
Definition
dopamine receptor
Term
Benzodiazepine receptor activation is assoicated with:
Definition
enhanced GABA receptor activity
Term
GABAA receptors are:
Definition
associated with a Cl- ionophore
Term
Which of the following mechanisms is associated with the antiepileptic activity of Phenytoin (Dilantin)?
Definition
increased duration of Na+ channel inactivation
Term
Glycine receptor activation is associated with:
Definition
increased Glutamate activity
Term
A drug which blocks the acitivity of GABA-transaminase will cause:
Definition
seizures
Term
A drug which blocks reuptake of NE or 5-HT (serotonin) may be useful as:
Definition
antidepressant
Term
The primary use for benzodiazepines is for treating:
Definition
anxiety
Term
Which of the following is the antidepressant Bupropion also marketed for?
Definition
anti-smoking
Term
Which of the following is Buspirone most useful for?
Definition
anxiety with depression
Term
Which of the following statements is true concerning drug action in the CNS?
Definition
most psychoactive drugs cause multiple changes in neurotransmitter activity
Term
Which of the following is a N-type calcium channel blocker?
Definition
pregabalin (Lyrica)
Term
A norepinephrine reuptake blocker is most likely to be?
Definition
antidepressant
Term
An MAO-A inhibitor is most likely to be?
Definition
antidepressant
Term
Substance P is a:
Definition
neurotransmitter in afferent pain pathway
Term
Which of the following best describes the mechanism for Buspirone (Buspar)?
Definition
5-HT1 a partial agonist
Term
Patients with which of the following are most likely to attempt suicide:
Definition
schizophrenia
Term
Which of the following is a SSRI most likely to be associated with SSRI discontinuation syndrome?
Definition
paroxetine (Paxil)
Term
Which of the following SSRI least likely to be associated with SSRI discontinuation syndrome?
Definition
fluoxetine (Prosac)
Term
A COMT inhibitor would be a useful adjunctive agent in treating:
Definition
parkinsons disease
Term
Which of the following is least likely to be an action of a Dopamine agonist?
Definition

NONE OF THE ABOVE!!! (they are all actions)

hallucinations

convulsions

nausea and vomiting

Term
An MAO-B inhibitor is most likely to be?
Definition
anti-Parkinson's
Term
Primarily useful in younger Parkinson's patients whose major symptom is tremor would be:
Definition
anticholinergic
Term
The loss of dopaminergic input to the striatum results in all the following except:
Definition
increased prolactin secretion
Term
Parkinson's symptomology begins to show up when nigrostriatal tract nerve loss has reached:
Definition
75%
Term
Which of the following is most likely to develop due to the death of CNS dopaminergic neurons?
Definition
schizophrenia
Term
Stalevo is a combination drug that contains Levodopa, Carbidopa, and the COMT inhibitor:
Definition
Entecapone (Comtan)
Term
Tremor in an elderly person with no other Parkinson disease (PD) features is most likely:
Definition
essential tremor
Term
A side effect of dopamine receptor agonists may be:
Definition
nausea and vomiting
Term
Anti-Parkinson's medications provide for:
Definition
good symptomatic control for 4-6 years
Term
Which of the following is associated with slowing the progression of disability from Parkinson's disease?
Definition
amantadine
Term
Which of the following is associated with increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease?
Definition

exposure to certain pesticides

exposure to arc-welding fumes

head injuries

Term
A patient with schizophrenia that is confused and is laughing for no reason or is fearful for no reason is exhibiting:
Definition
disorganized symptoms
Term
A patient with schizophrenia that demonstrates social withdrawal and poor personal hygiene is exhibiting:
Definition
negative symptoms
Term
Which of the following is most closely associated with the etiology of Schizophrenia?
Definition
prenatal viral infection
Term
Patients with schizophrenia are at increased risk for:
Definition

suicide

depression

substance abuse

Term
A dopamine receptor antagonist (blocker) is most likely to be?
Definition
antipsychotic
Term
A dopamine receptor agonist is most likely to be?
Definition
antiparkinsons
Term
Which of the following is not a result of blocking D2 receptors?
Definition
parkinson-like movement disorder
Term
All patients atypical antipsychotic drugs are at increased risk of developing:
Definition
diabetes
Term
Symbyax is a combination drug that contains the antipsychotic and antidepressant:
Definition
Zyprexa and Prosac
Term
True for conventional antipsychotics:
Definition
primarily D2 receptor blockers
Term
True for atypical antipsychotics:
Definition
primarily 5HT2a receptor blockers
Term
The antipsychotic drug with the greatest efficacy in terms of broad-spectrum patient improvement is:
Definition
Clozapine (Clozaril)
Term
A non-benzodiazepine which is useful as a hypnotic is:
Definition
Zaleplon (Sonata)
Term
A benzodiasepine which is useful as an antiepileptic is:
Definition
Clonazepam (Klonipin)
Term
neurotransmitter in afferent pain pathway
Definition
substance P
Term
dopamine precursor, for DA replacement therapy
Definition
Levodopa (Larodopa)
Term
peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor
Definition
Carbidopa (Lodosyn)
Term
drug that increases neural DA release
Definition
Amantadine (Symmetrel)
Term
neurosteroid enhances GABA activity
Definition
allopregnanolone
Term
Cannabinoid receptor (CB1) agonist found in chocolate
Definition
Anandamide
Term
glutamate
Definition
NMDA
Term
cholescystokinin
Definition
CCK-a
Term
neuropeptide Y
Definition
Y1
Term
endorphins
Definition
mu
Term
2-arachadonyl glycerol (2-AG)
Definition
CB1
Term
block GABA reuptake
Definition
Tiagabine (Gabatril)
Term
inhibit GABA-transaminase
Definition
Vigabatrin (Sabril)
Term
increase GABA release from nerve terminals
Definition
Gapabentin (Neurontin)
Term
BZ which enhances GABA efficiency at opening Cl- ionophore
Definition
Diazepam (Valium)
Term
enhances GABA action by holding Cl- ionophore open
Definition
Phenobarbital (Luminal)
Term
non-benzodiazepine BZ receptor agonist
Definition
Zolpidem (Ambien)
Term
benzodiazepine receptor antagonist
Definition
Flumazenil (Romazicon)
Term
glycine receptor antagonist
Definition
Felbamate (Felbatol)
Term
5HT1a partial agonist
Definition
Buspirone (Buspar)
Term
prolong Na+ channel inactivation
Definition
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Term
T-type Ca++ channel blocker
Definition
Ethosuximide (Zarontin)
Term
patients suffer from their problem and want be rid of it
Definition
true for OCD
Term
patients develop this after witnessing a traumatic event
Definition
true for neither
Term
patients are preoccupied with orderliness and perfectionism
Definition
true for OCPD
Term
patients are unaware or unconvinced that they have a problem
Definition
true for OCPD
Term
patients are prone to periodic uncued panic attacks
Definition
true for neither
Term
patients are distressed at spending so much time carrying out certain tasks or rituals
Definition
true for OCD
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