Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Pharmacology
Lecture 11
14
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 4
02/27/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
In the pancreas, beta cells produce...
Definition
Insulin
Term
In the pancreas, delta cells produce...
Definition
somatostatin
Term

The major regulators of blood glucose...

 

Definition
Insulin and glucagon
Term
Insulin main release stimulus
Definition
elevated blood sugar
Term
Insulin main effect
Definition
promote storage of glucose (increase in glucose uptake (GLUT 4) and glycogen synthesis)
Term
What types of cells do require and don't require insulin for glucose uptake?
Definition

only muscle and fat cells depend on insulin

 

liver, brain, and red blood cells do not

Term
Glucagon release stimulus
Definition
hunger (=low blood sugar)
Term
Diabetis Mellitus
Definition

Group of metabolic diseases characterized by high blood sugar

Elevated levels of glucose (hyperglycemia) lead to spillage of glucose into the urine

Diabetes mellitus means "sweet urine"

Term
Type 1 diabetes
Definition

=insulin-dependent diabetes=juvenile onset diabetes

caused by destruction of B cells

Absolutely dependent on insulin replacement

Term
Type II diabetes
Definition

=insulin-dependent diabetes=adult onset diabetes

caused by target cell resistance to insulin (InsR decreased, signaling defect)

mostly obsese patients

Obesity appears to reduce the number of insulin receptors

can be treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs

Term
Short term complications of diabetes
Definition

Hyperglycemia

Ketoacidosis

Term
Long term complications of diabetes
Definition

Disruptions in blood flow->cardiovascular complications->amputations

Microvascular disease: blood flow to microvasculature lowered (kidney, eye)

Retinopathy-blindess

Nephropathy-primary cause of morbidity and mortality

Neuropathy-nerve damage

Erectile dysfunction

Supporting users have an ad free experience!