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pharmacology
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54
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 1
10/12/2011

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

The autonomic nervous center is divided into:

 

Definition

Sympathetic

&

Parasympathetic

Term
Sympathetic does what?
Definition

increase heart rate

increase blood pressure

increase respitory rate

(fight or flight)

Term
parasympathetic does what?
Definition

decrease heart rate & b/p.

(rest and digest)

Term
drugs that mimic the sympathetic system.
Definition
sympathomimetic
Term
drugs that do the opposite of the sympathetic system.
Definition
sympatholytic
Term
drugs that mimic the parasympathetic system.
Definition
parasympathomimetic
Term
drugs that do the opposite of the parasympathetic system.
Definition
parasympatholytic
Term
Neurotransmitters
Definition

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Acetylcholine

Dopamine

Term
Primary neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nervous system?
Definition

Epinephrine

&

Norepinephrine

(adrenergics)

Term
Primary neurotransmitters of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Definition
Acetylcholine (cholinergics)
Term
Adrenergic receptors ( epinephrine &norepinephrine) are subdivided into:
Definition

alpha 1 & alpha 2 (heart)

beta 1 & beta 2 (heart and lung)

Term
Cholinergic receptors (acetylcholine) are divided into 2 types:
Definition

nicotinic (stimulate muscle contraction)

&

muscarinic (stimulate digestive organs)

Term

Sympathomimetics are used for effects on:

 

Definition
primarily heart, bronchial tree, and nasal passageways.
Term
Types of sympathomimetics are:
Definition

albuterol

clonidine

dobutamine

dopamine

phenylephrine (nasal congestion)

Term
Patients taking sympathomimetics may complain of...
Definition
palpatations and jitteryness
Term
Parasympathomimetics are used for...
Definition
primarily used for there effectivenesson the eye, bowel and urinary tract.
Term
types of parasympathomimetics are :
Definition

Urocholine

Aricept

Exelon Patch

Isopto Carpine

Mestinon

Term
Adrenergic blockers (sympatholytics or beta blockers) are used for...
Definition
primarily used to inhibit the actions or responses of the sympathetic nervous system.
Term
types of (beta blockers) sympatholytics:
Definition

atenolol

carvidilol

propranolol

timolol

Term
anticholinergics (parasympatholytics) are used for:
Definition
primarily used to dry secretions and to treat asthma.
Term

types of anticholinergics (parasympatholytics)

 

Definition

dicyclomine

ipratropium

oxybutynin

scopolamine

Term
Patients must be screened for closed angle glaucoma before administering what class of drug?
Definition
anticholinergics.
Term
what is the typical age of diagnosis of schizophrenia?
Definition
18- 23
Term
If schizophrenia does not improve w/ several antipsychotics, what medication may be given?
Definition
clozapine
Term
Cannot drink alcohol AT ALL when taking these...
Definition

Geodon

&

ziprasidone

Term
What treats positive and negative symptoms of psychosis?
Definition
atypical antipsychotics.
Term
what was the first antipsychotic?
Definition
chlorpromazine
Term
Dopamine system stabilizers
Definition
aripiprazole
Term

acute dystonia caused by

 

Definition
Risperdal
Term
anectdote for acute dystonia
Definition
benztropine
Term
Most common degenerative diseases of the CNS
Definition

Alzheimers

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Huntington's chorea

Multiple sclerosis

Parkinson's disease

Term
Drug for parkinsons disease..
Definition
levodopa
Term
in alzheimer's disease, the younger the onset...
Definition
the more aggresive the disease & the faster death occurs.
Term
Alzheimer's drug
Definition

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor

ex: Aricept- improve function in adl's, behavior, cognition.

Term
When intitiating levodopa therapy what may occur?
Definition
orthostatic hypotension
Term
What vitamin will reduce the effectiveness of levodopa?
Definition
b6
Term
anticholinergics counteract what part of parkinsons?
Definition
tremors and drooling
Term
Why would you put a patient with parkinsons on levodopa instead of dopamine?
Definition
dopamine doesn't cross the blood brain barrier.
Term
Tardive Dyskenesia is a longterm effect of what drug to treat parkinsons?
Definition
dopaminergic type drugs.
Term
nicotinic receptors are among other things responsible for which physiological reaction?
Definition

stimulate muscle contraction

 

Term
sympathetic nervous stimulation leads to what response in the body?
Definition
increase heart rate
Term
parasympathetic nervous stimulation leads to what response in the body?
Definition
decrease in heart rate.
Term
key neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nervous system are:
Definition
epinephrine; norepinephrine
Term
key neurotransmitters of the parasympathetic nervous system are:
Definition
acetylcholine
Term

why would you choose a nursing diagnosis of "risk of injury" for someone on levodopa?

 

Definition
orthostatic hypotension
Term
the adrenergics of the ANS are divided into 2 what are they?

Definition
alpha and beta
Term

What med is contraindicated for COPD?

 

Definition
beta blockers
Term
Thorazine is available in IM or orally which is faster?
Definition
IM
Term
which med would you advise a patient to wear loose clothing and avoid getting overheated?
Definition
anticholinergic
Term
why do diabetics not take beta blockers?
Definition
beta blockers can mimic symptoms of hyperglycemia.
Term
gelantamine for alzheimers should be taken:
Definition
with food.
Term
what do you educate a patient on who has an increased dose of antihypertensives?
Definition
change positions slowly
Term
specific body reactions to fight or flight are:
Definition

increased heart rate

increased b/p

dilated bronchial tubes

Term
what class of drug would be contraindicated for closed angle glaucoma?
Definition
anticholinergics
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