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Details Title: Pharmacology Description: chapter 3 Total Flash Cards: 21 Created: 04/20/2008 23:44:19	To study from this set of flash cards, or to create your own your own study flash cards, register HERE. If you are already a registered user, CLICK HERE.
Cards Term D5W-5% dextrose in water   Definition Osmolality: Isotonic (252mOsm/L) Uses: hydration, free water, 200kcal/L, diluent for medications (e.g mannitol) Potiental complications: Increased intracranial pressure (ICP), hpokalemia, increase blood glucose levels, fluid overload, incompatible with: diazapam phenytoin sodium procainamide sodium bicarbonate warfarin sodium whole blood vitamin B12 Term D10W-10% dextrose in water Definition Osmolality: hypertonic (505 mOsm/L) uses: osmotic diuretic, 340 kcal/L, free water potiential complications: fluid overload, hyperglycemia, [hlegotos (use large veins), incompatible with: same as D5W Term D20W - 20% dextrose in water Definition Osmolality: hypertonic (1011 Mosm/L) Uses: osmotic diuretic, 680 kcal/L Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities: sme as D5W Term D30W- 30% dextrose in water Definition Osmolality: hypertonic (1510 mOsm/L) uses: 1020 kcal/L Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities: sme as D5W Term D40W-40% dextrose in water Definition Osmolality: hypertonic (2020 mOsm/L) Uses; osmotic diuretic, 1360 kcal/L Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities: sme as D5W Term D50W- 50% dextrose in water Definition osmolality: hypertonic (2520 mOsm/L) uses: base for total parenteral nutrition (TPN), 1700 kcal/L Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities: sme as D5W, high risk for line sepsis, hypergylcemia Term D60W- 60% dextrose in water Definition Osmolality: hypertonic (3030 mOsm/L) Uses: base for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) 2040 kcal/L Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities: sme as D5W, high risk for line sepsis, hypergylcemia Term D70W - 70% dextrose in water Definition Osmolality: hypertonic (3530 mOsm/L) uses: frequently base for infant TPN, 2830 kcal/L Potiental complications: fluid overload, must induse via Central venous access device, sepsis, incompatibilities: sme as D5W, high risk for line sepsis, hypergylcemia Term D5 and 1/4 normal salin (NS)- 5% dextrose and 0.2 NaCL (sodium chloride) Definition Osmolality: isotonic (314 mOsm/L) uses: rehydration, replacement of NaCL, 170 kcal/L Potiental complications: fluid overload, hypokalemia, contraindicated in diabetic ketoacidosism incompatibilities: amphotericin B, ampicillin sodium diazepam mannitol wafarin sodium whole blood Term D5 and 1/2 NS- 5% dextrose and 0.45 NaCL Definition osmolality: hypertonic (391 mOsm/L) Uses: promote renal function 170 kcal/L, severe dehyration, sodium replacement, shock, circulatory insufficiency. Potiental complications: fluid overload, hypokalemia, contraindicated in diabetic ketoacidosism incompatibilities: amphotericin B, ampicillin sodium diazepam mannitol wafarin sodium whole blood Term D5 0.9 NaCL Definition Osmolality: hypertonic (560 mOsm/l) use: promote renal function, 170kcal/L, severe dehydration, sodium replacement, shock, circulatory insufficiency Potiental complications: fluid overload, hypokalemia, contraindicated in diabetic ketoacidosism incompatibilities: amphotericin B, ampicillin sodium diazepam mannitol wafarin sodium whole blood Term NS (0.9 NaCL) Definition osmolality: isotonic (308 mOsm/L) uses: replaced extracellular fluid (ECF) volume, hyponatremia, mild metabolic acidosis, mild metabolic alkalosis, diabetic ketoacidosis, hypovolemia, diluent for medications, flush intravascular accesses, maintain patency of intracenous access device potiental complications: fluid overload, increased ICP, hypokalemia, hyperchloremia, hypernatremia, caution in elderly. Term Ringer's solution Definition Osmolality: isotonic (310 mOsm/L) uses: severe dehydration, hypovolemia, replace ECF loss, shock potiental complications: fluid overload hypernatremia, incompatibilities: ampicillin soidum cefamandole diazepam erythromycin phenytoin potassium phosphate sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) whole blood Term Lactated ringer's (LR) Definition osmolality: isotonic (274 mOsm/L) uses: sever dehydration, hypovolemia, replace ECF loss, shock, mild acidosis (lactate oins metabolized to bicarbonate by liver, diabetic ketoacidosis, salicylate overdose, 9kcal/L (lactate). potential complications: hypernatremia, fluid overload, incompatibilities: amphortericin B ampicillin sodium cefamandole chlordiazepoxide diazepam erythromycin potassiom pnosphate promethazine HCI sodium bicarbonate methicillin methylprednisolone sodium succinate oxytetracycline phenytoin sodium thiopental warfarin whole blood Term D5 Ringer's solution Definition osmolality: hypertonic (564 mOsm/L) uses: severe dehydration, hypovolemia, replace ECF loss, shock, calories from dextrose. Term D5LR - 5% dextrose and LR Definition osmolality: hypertonic (524 mOms/L) Uses: sever dehydration, hypovolemia, replace ECF loss, shock, mild acidosis (lactate ions metabolized to bicarbonate by liver, diabetic ketoacidosis, salicylate overdose, 9kcal/L (lactate), calories from dextrose Term D10LR-5% dextrose and LR Definition osmolality: hypertonic (779 mOsm/L) uses: fluid replacement, provides 340 kcal/L potential complications: refer to 10% dextrose, refer to lactated ringers. Term 1/2NS-0.45 NaCL Definition osmolality: hypotonic (154 mOsm/L) uses: promotes renal function. free water, sodium, and chloride; preferable to 0.9% NS for electrolyte restoration of Na & Cl; reduces serum osmolality; hyperosmolar diabetes potiental complications:hypernatremia, fluid overloadm incompatibilities: amphotericin B mannitol Term Plasma expanders Dextran 70 and 0.9% NS Definition osmolality: isotonic (308 mOsm/L) uses: fluid replacement, restores circulatory hemodynamics, perioperative shock, amd chloride; preferable to 0.9% NS for electrolyte restoration of Na & Cl; reduces serum osmolality; hyperosmolar diabetes. potential complications:hypersensitivity, risk for infection at infusion site, bleeding, incompatibilities: all medications Term dextran 40 and 0.9% NS Definition osmolality: isotonic (308 mOsm/L) uses: fluid replacement, restores circulatory hemodynamics, perioperative shock, amd chloride; preferable to 0.9% NS for electrolyte restoration of Na & Cl; reduces serum osmolality; hyperosmolar diabetes. potential complications:hypersensitivity, risk for infection at infusion site, bleeding, incompatibilities: all medications Term dextran 40 and D5W Definition osmolality: isotonic (255 mOsm/L) uses: fluid replacement, restores circulatory hemodynamics, perioperative shock, amd chloride; preferable to 0.9% NS for electrolyte restoration of Na & Cl; reduces serum osmolality; hyperosmolar diabetes. potential complications:hypersensitivity, risk for infection at infusion site, bleeding, incompatibilities: all medications