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Pharmacology of Angina
Myocardial Ischemia
7
Accounting
Pre-School
09/26/2009

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Cards

Term
Beta Blockers (propanolol, metoprolol, atenolol): mechanism of action
Definition
blockade of endogenous epi and norepi, decreases contractility and heart rate --> decreases myocardial oxygen demand
Term
Beta Blockers (propanolol, metoprolol, atenolol): Indications and Pharmacokinetics (+ selectivity)
Definition

Long-term therapy for angina

  • propanolol is a prototype w/ activity at both beta receptors, but has a short half-life so used more short-term
  • metroprolol relatively selective beta1 blocker at low doses; can be taken once/day
  • atenolol - selective b1 blocker w/ longest half-life
Term
Beta Blockers (propanolol, metoprolol, atenolol): Side effects
Definition
  • contraindicated for patients w/ heart block
  • contraindicated in patients w/ supraventricular arrhythmias due to WPWS
  • Can worsen bronchospasm
  • can mask hypoglycemia of diabetics
  • cause sleep disorders w/ vivid nightmares
  • withdrawal supersensitivity following abrupt discontinuation
Term
Ca channel blockers to treat angina (Diltiazem and Nifedipine): mechanism of action
Definition

bind directly to Ca channel reducing its activity and Ca influx

 

inhibits coronary artery vasospasm

 

Cardiosparing

Term
Ca channel blockers to treat angina (Diltiazem and Nifedipine): indications
Definition

inhibit coronary artery vasospasm

 

negative inotropic activity

Term
Ca channel blockers to treat angina (Diltiazem and Nifedipine): Side-effects
Definition
  • inhibitory effect on smooth muscles: hypotension, peripheral edema, constipation
  • contraindicated in patients w/ CHF, SA node, and AV nodal disease
  • contraindicated in patients w/ WPWS
Term
Ca channel blockers to treat angina (Diltiazem and Nifedipine): pharmacokinetics
Definition
can take once per day
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