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Pharm Test 2- Drugs for Neoplasia
n/a
45
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
02/25/2010

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Term
Two terms for rapid, uncontrolled cell growth and function loss
Definition
1. Cancer
2. Carcinoma
Term
Cancer travels to a another location in the body systemically
Definition
Metastasis
Term
How is chemo transported through the body?
Some of them can cross ___ ___ and some can go directly to ___ ___
Definition
Blood
Blood-brain barrier
Body cavities
Term
What is adjuvant therapy?
Definition
When chemo is done before or after surgery and radation
Term
Chemo disrupts what?
More specifically...?
Definition
The cell cycle
Replicating cells (mitosis)
Term
Chemo works best with ___ dividing cells
Definition
Rapidly
Term
This determines chemo success and measures how many body cells are dividing (Ratio of replicating to resting cells)
Definition
Growth Fraction
Term
What does it mean if the growth fraction is 'high'?
Definition
There are many replicating cells- good!
Term
Why are solid tumors less sensitive to chemo?
Definition
They have a low growth fraction
Term
Chemo is most effective with ___ and ___ because the GF is high.
Definition
Leukemias; Lymphomas
Term
Why do chemo patients have bone marrow suppression, nausea, and alopecia?
Definition
Bone marrow, GI tissue, and hair follicles have a high GF
Term
Why would you use multiple chemo drugs for the same patient? (2 reasons)
Definition
1. Different chemo drugs work at different areas of the cell cycle
2. Allows for lower dosages (Reduces toxicity and resistance)
Term
What is the acronym for the Leukemia drug combination?
Definition
MOPP
Term
What does MOPP stand for? What is affected in each?
Definition
M Mustargen- DNA synth
O Oncovin- Mitosis
P Procarbazine
P Prednisone- Helps appetite/energy
Term
Why would an optimum dose of chemo need to be delayed?
Definition
Lets clients recover from toxicities
Term
What is the adverse effect of therapy that refers to severe N/V/D?
Definition
Mucositis
Term
What do we do for a pt with Mucositis or pts taking emetic drugs?
Definition
We premedicate them with antiemetics
Term
What is the adverse effect of therapy that refers to severe N/V/D?
Definition
Mucositis
Term
What do we do for a pt with Mucositis or pts taking emetic drugs?
Definition
We premedicate them with antiemetics
Term
Name 3 antiemetics
Definition
Compazine
Reglan
Ativan
Term
Name 3 adverse effects of chemo that fall under the category of 'Bone Marrow Depression'
Definition
1. Anemia (RBC)
2. Thombocytopenia (Platelet)
3. Leukopenia (WBC)
Term
What is a "bad" ANC?
Definition
<500 mm3
Term
These chemo agents can cause extravasation; know the emergency treatment before giving these IV!
Definition
Vesicants
Term
Name 4 Vesicants
Definition
Dantomycin (-Mycins)
-Rubicins
Mustargen
Vincristine
Term
What are 2 possible long-term consequences of chemo?
Definition
1. Infertility
2. Secondary tumors
Term
Name 4 alkylating agents. Which one is the prototype?
Definition
Cytoxan (Prototype)
Mustargen
Platinol
Paraplatin
Term
Side effects of alkylating agents

___ ___ suppression
___ cystitis
___toxic
___ toxicity
___toxic
Definition
Bone marrow suppression
Hemorrhagic cystitis
Ototoxic
Pulmonary toxicity
neurotoxic
Term
Name 4 Antimetabolites. Which is the protype?
Definition
1. Methotrexate (Prototype)
2. Gemzar
3. -Bine's
4. Flurouracil
Term
4 Antimetabolite side effects:

___ ___ toxicity
___toxic
Pregnancy category ___
___ sensitivity
Definition
Bone marrow toxicity
Hepatotoxic
Pregnancy category X
Photosensitivity
Term
Since antimetabolites (Methotrexate) are so hepatotoxic, pts need LFT's q ___ wks. When antimetabolites be stopped?
Definition
2 weeks
Stop if beginning of liver failure
Term
Since antimetabolites are preg. category x, pregnancy should be avoided ___ mo. after last dose. It interferes with ___ ___.
Definition
6 months
Folic acid
Term
Name 3 antitumor antibiotics. What is the prototype?
Definition
1. Doxorubicin (Prototype)
2. -Rubicin's
3. Bleomycin
Term
Antitumor antibiotics cause 2 side effects. What does each mean for the patient?
Definition
1. Cardiotoxicity- Irreversible HF
2. Decreases Dig Levels- Afib, CHF
Term
Name 2 Hormone antagonists. What is the prototype?
Definition
1. Nolvadex (Prototype)
2. Steroids
Term
Adverse effects of hormone antagonists:

___ and ___
___ disease
HRF ___/___ cancer
___-like symptoms
Definition
Nausea and vomiting
Thomboembolic disease
HRF endometrial/reproductive cancer
Menopause-like symptoms
Term
Why do hormone antagonists create menopausal symptoms and cause reproductive/endometrial CA, yet treats breast CA?
Definition
Affects estrogen levels
Hot flashes, fluid retention, vaginal discharge
Term
Name 4 Natural Products. What is the Prototype?
Definition
1. Vincristine (Prototype)
2. VePisid
3. Taxotere
4. Taxol
Term
Vincristine works great on ___ ___ carcinoma, ___, ___, and ___ treatments.
Definition
Basal cell carcinoma
ALL
AML
Lymphoma treatments
Term
Name 5 side effects of Natural Products.

___toxicity (COMMON)
___toxicity
___toxicity
Acute ___
Risk for ___
Definition
Neurotoxicity (COMMON)
Cardiotoxicity
Nephrotoxicity
Acute bronchospasm
Risk for suicide
Term
Because acute bronchospasm can occur with Natural products, nurses need to do what?
Definition
Monitor the ENTIRE infusion
Term
S/S of neurotoxicity

Limbs ___/___
Muscular ___
Loss of neural ___
___
Paralytic ___; ___
Definition
Limbs numb/tingle
Muscular weakness
Loss of neural reflexes
Pain
Paralytic ileus; Constipation
Term
These drugs help the immune system to rid of CA cells.
Definition
Biologic Response Modifiers (BRMs)
Term
BRMs are less ___ and are given with other neoplastics to limit ___.
Definition
Toxic; Immunosuppression
Term
Name 3 forms of BRMs.
Definition
1. Interferons
2. Interleukins
3. Monoclonal antibodies
Term
Name 5 chemo adjuncts
Definition
Epoetin alfa (Epogen)
Filgastrim (Neupogen, G-CSF)
Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta)
Sargramostim (GM-CSF) (Leukine)
Oprelve (Neumega)
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