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pharm II unit 11
HIV meds
39
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
11/29/2011

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Cards

Term
What type of drug is Zidovudine (AZT)
Definition

NUCLEOSDIE/NUCLEOTIDE REVERSE TRASCRIPTASE INHIBITORS- NRTI’S

Term
What is Zidovudine (AZT) used to treat
Definition

·        HIV in adults and children

·        prophylaxis in preventing transmission to fetus

·        Epstein –Barr

Term
How does Zidovudine (AZT) work
Definition

Inhibit reverse transcriptase a critical enzyme to HIV replication.

Term
What types of pts should not use Zidovudine (AZT)
Definition

·        hypersensitivity

·        breast feeding

·        existing lactic acidosis.

·        Clients with hepatic dysfunction, obesity have a higher risk of lactic acidosis.

Term
What are the common side effects of Zidovudine (AZT)
Definition

·        nausea, vomiting, anorexia and abdominal pain.

·        headache, seizures, paresthesia, restlessness and insomnia.

·        nail discoloration and alteration in taste.

Term
What are the serious side effects of Zidovudine (AZT)
Definition

·        anemia

·        grantulocytopenia,

·        thrombocytopenia

·        bone marrow suppression

·        lactic acidosis

·        hepatomegaly with steatosis (fatty liver)

Term
When should Zidovudine (AZT)be given in relation to food
Definition

Give 1 hour before meals

Term
What type of diet should you give your pt that is taking Zidovudine (AZT)
Definition

Have patient on low fat diet

Term

How is Zidovudine (AZT) given in 24 hrs

Definition
 given in 3 divided doses
Term

Zidovudine (AZT) can be given IM

True or False ?

Definition

False

No IM injections

Term

What S/S and labs should the nurse assess for when the pt is on

Zidovudine (AZT)

Definition

Monitor CBC, Liver enzymes

monitor for sore throat,  bleeding or bruising and fatigue

Term

What med is best to use for a HA if the pt is on Zidovudine (AZT)

Definition
NSAIDS
Term
What type of med is Efavirenz ( EFV)
Definition

NONNUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRASCRIPTASE INHIBITORS- NNRTI’S

Term
What does Efavirenz ( EFV) treat?
Definition

Treat HIV 1 infection in combination with other antivirals.

Not effective in HIV-2 infections.

Term
What types of pts should not take Efavirenz ( EFV)
Definition

·        Hypersensitivity

·        Patients taking midazolam, triazolam, ergots or voriconazole

·        Use of alcohol or psychoactive drugs increase risk of CNS effects

·        Use cautiously in clients with hepatic impairment or Hepatitis B or C

Term
What are the common side effects of Efavirenz ( EFV)
Definition

dizziness, impaired concentration, hallucinations

rash

Term
What are the serious side effects of Efavirenz ( EFV)
Definition

·        Steven’s Johnson syndrome,

·        lipodystrophy,

·        hepatotoxicity

Seizures and severe depression, paranoid or manic reactions.

Term

How should Efavirenz (EFV) be given in relation to food

Definition

Administer on an empty stomach

Term
What time of day should Efavirenz (EFV) be given
Definition

Administer at bedtime to decrease CNS effects

Term
What S/S and labs should you assess when your pt is taking Efavirenz (EFV)
Definition

·        Monitor liver function tests before and during therapy. 

 

·         notify provider of s/s of toxicity such as fatigue, jaundice, nausea or vomiting.

Term

A pt is on Efavirenz (EFV) and develops depretion and a rash. The nurse knows this is an expected side effect and educates the pt.

True or False

Definition

False

Teach clients to notify provider for depression or manic episodes, rash that becomes denuded.

Term

Your pt is taking Efavirenz (EFV). What should you teach them regarding lipodystrophy

Definition

also called fat redistribution, is a

disturbance in the way your body produces, uses, and stores fat. 

Term
What type of drug is Saquinavir (Invirase)
Definition
PROTEASE INHIBITORS
Term
What is Saquinavir (Invirase) used to treat
Definition

Treatment of HIV in adults.  May combine with reverse transcriptase meds.

Use for both HIV 1 and HIV-2

Term
What types of pts should not use Saquinavir (Invirase)
Definition

·         Hypersensitivity

·         Not approved for use in individuals under 16 yrs.

·         Caution in patients with liver impairment

·         Caution in patients with diabetes will cause hyperglycemia

Term
What are the common side effects of Saquinavir (Invirase)
Definition

·        nausea, diarrhea, stomach discomfort,

·        Hyperglycemia

·        Increased bone loss

·         Headache

Term
What are the most serious side effects of Saquinavir (Invirase)
Definition

·        Pancreatitis

·        Lipodystrophy

Term
How should Saquinavir (Invirase) be givin in relation to food?
Definition

Administer within 2 hours after eating full meal

Term
What med should be given with Saquinavir (Invirase)
Definition

administer ritonavir (antiviral medication, protease inhibitor.) with each does 

Term
A pt is on Saquinavir (Invirase) and had a HA. What med should you give?
Definition

acetaminophen for HA

Term
What type of drug is Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)
Definition
ENTRY INHIBITOR
Term
What is Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) used to treat
Definition

Treatment for patients who experience treatment failure or do not tolerate treatment with existing antiretrovirals.

Term
How does Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) work
Definition

Binds to gp41 (protein) This inhibits HIV from entering the cell

Term
What pts should not use Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)
Definition

·        Hypersensitivity

·        Caution in clients predisposed to respiratory infections by such risk factors as smoking, pulmonary dysfunction, low CD4 counts or high viral load.

Term
What are the common side effects of Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)
Definition

·        Injection site reaction:  itchy rash and red,swollen puffy or hardened skin.

·        nausea, weight loss, fatigue, anxiety

Term
What are the serious side effects of Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon)
Definition

bacterial pneumonia

lymphadenopathy-swollen/enlarged lymph nodes

Term
What should the nurse teach the pt on Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) about the administration 
Definition

Teach patients to use aseptic technique with injections

Explain the potential for injection site reaction

Avoid sites with increased risk of irritation

Term
How should Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) be stored 
Definition

Refrigerate unused medicine

Term
What should the nurse teach the pt on Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) about infection
Definition

Teach healthy lifestyle choices to avoid infection risks

Teach s/s of infection

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