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pharm chapter 4
chapter 4
24
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 1
10/20/2011

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Term
The nurse is conducting medication education for clients with hypertension. The focus of the education is on enhancing the absorption of their medications. The nurse determines that learning has occured when the clients make which statement?
Definition
We need to be careful about taking the medication with certain foods.
Term
The physician ordred a loading dose of medication for the client; it is to be followed by a lower dose. When the client receives the lower dose, she says to the nurse 'I think my doctor made a mistake; my medication dose is too low'. What is the best response by the nurse?
Definition
You had a larger dose initially so that the medication would work more quickly.
Term
The client has meningitis. The physician initially prescribed a water-soluble drug. Another physician changed the order to a lipid-soluble drug. The clinet is confused about this. Which plan best resolves the client's concern?
Definition
Teach the client that lipid soluble drugs are more effective in treating his illness.
Term
The client is malnourished and has a low serum albumin. The physician has ordered aspirin, a highly protein-bound drug, for the client. Which evaluation by the nurse best describes the effect this will have on the client?
Definition
The client will be at risk to experience toxic effects of the drug.
Term
The clinet is admitted to the hospital in chronic renal failure, and is on several medications. What best describes the nurse's assessment of this client?
Definition
The client may have drug toxicity from all the drugs.
Term
The client has been receiving quetiapine - Seroquel. The physician changes the order to aripiprazole - Abilify, a more potent drug. How will the nruse expect the physician's new order to read
Definition
The order will state alower does of aripiprazole than quetiapine.
Term
The client comes to the emergency department following an overdose of aspirin, an acidic drug. What will the best plan of the nurse include?
Definition
Administration of sodium bicarbonate to the client.
Term
The client is complaining of a severe headache. The physician orders aspirin. Which action by the nurse will result in the fastest relief of the clients headache.
Definition
Administer aspirin on an empty stomach.
Term
The client is receiving lithium - Eskalith - and asks the nurse why he has to have blood drawn so often. What is the best response by the nurse?
Definition
To be sure you have the correct amount of medication in your system.
Term
The nursing mother asks the nurse if it is alright to take St. Johns Wort for mild depression. What is the best response by the nurse?
Definition
No, it could be excreted in your milk and your baby might reject nursing.
Term
The nursing instructor is teaching pharmacology to student nurses. What will the nursing instructor include as the four major components of pharmacokinetics?
Definition
1. How drugs are transported throughout the body.
2. How drugs are converted to a form that is easily removed from the body.
3. How drugs are removed from the body.
4. How drugs move from the site of administration to circulating fluids.
Term
The client is scheduled to receive a medication that is an enzyme inducer of the P450 system. What best describes the effect of this medication on the client.
Definition
In time, the client will experience a reduced effect from this medication.
Term
The client tells the nurse that he is on many medications, and questions how they all get to the right places. What is the best response by the nurse?
Definition
1. It depends on how much protein you have in your body.
2. It depends on the amount of blood flow to your body tissues.
3. It depends on whether they are fat based or water based.
Term
The client received a drug that is excreted in the bile. What will be the best nursing assessment of the effect of this drug on the client include.
Definition
The effect of the drug will be a prolonged action.
Term
The nurse administers medications by various routes of deliver. The nurse recognizes which route of administration as requiring higher dosages of drugs to achieve a therapuetic effect.
Definition
Oral route
Term
Enzymatic activity that changes a medication into a less active form is an example of;
Definition
Pharmacokineticcs
Term
Which of the following are the four categories of pharmacokinetcs.
Definition
Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion
Term
Following ingestion, a drug crosses a membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. This is an example of;
Definition
Diffusion
Term
Aspirin is ionized as it enters the small intestine. Which statement is accurate regarding the absorption of aspirin in the small intestine;
Definition
Absorption is decreased
Term
Which statement regarding medication distribution within the body is accurate;
Definition
Medications that are lipd-soluble are more completely distributed.
Term
Which organ is the mose responsible for the first-pass effect
Definition
Liver
Term
Which of the following substances would have the lowest rate of crossing renal tubular membranes, and would therefore be excreted in the urine;
Definition
Ionized drugs
Term
Which statement is accurate regarding medications that end up being secreted in bile?
Definition
Some medications are excreted in the deces while others can be recirculated by the liver many times.
Term
Which of the following would most accurately indicate that a therapeutic range for a medication had been reached;
Definition
The indication for administration was achieved without serious side effects
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