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Pharm 0585 Exam 3
MWU Pharmacology 0585 Exam 3
138
Pharmacology
Graduate
02/10/2012

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Term
Doxylamine (Unisom)
Definition
Very Sedating H1 antagonist
sleep aid
Term
Promethazine hydrochloride (Phenergan)
Definition
Very sedating H1 antagonist
antiemetic
Term
Hydroxyzine (atarax)
Definition
very sedating H1 antagonist
antiemetic and sedative
Term
Diphenyhydramine (benedryl)
Definition
sedating H1 antagonist
sleep aid
antiemetic
TX certain parkinsonism
Term
Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)
Definition
sedating H1 antagonist
antiemetic
TX motion sickness and vertigo
Term
Brompheniramine maleate (comtrex)
Definition
sedating H1 antagonist
Term
Chlorpheniramine maleate (chlor-trimeton)
Definition
sedating H1 antagonist
Term
Meclizine (bonine)
Definition
sedating H1 antagonist
antiemetic
TX motion sickness and vertigo
Term
Loratidine (claritin)/Desloratidine (clarinex)
Definition
non-sedating H1 antagonist
mild allergies
Term
Cetirizine (zyrtec)
Definition
non-sedating H1 antagonist
antiemetic
mild allergies
Term
Fexofenadine (allegra)
Definition
non-sedating H1 antagonist
mild allergies
Term
Cimetidine (tagamet)
Definition
H2 antagonist
for peptic ulcer disease
lots of drug interactions
anti-androgen effect
Term
Ranitidine (zantac)
Definition
H2 antagonist
for peptic ulcer disease
Term
Famotidine (pepcid)
Definition
H2 antagonist
for peptic ulcer disease
Term
Nizatidine (axid)
Definition
H2 antagonist
for peptic ulcer disease
Term
Epinephrine
Definition
adrenergic bronchodialator treat acute asthema tolerance and rebound bronchoconstriction
Term
Isoproterenol
Definition
adrenergic bronchodialator
treat acute asthema (add to regimen for better bronchodialation)
tolerance and rebound bronchoconstriction
Term
Metaproterenol (alupent)
Definition
adrenergic bronchodialator
treat acute asthema
tolerance and rebound bronchoconstriction
Term
Albuterol (ventolin)/ Levalbuterol (xopenex)
Definition
adrenergic bronchodialator
treat acute asthema
tolerance and rebound bronchoconstriction
Term
Salmeterol (serevent)
Definition
adrenergic bronchodialator
treat acute asthema
tolerance and rebound bronchoconstriction
Term
Terbutaline (brethine)
Definition
adrenergic bronchodialator
treat acute asthema
tolerance and rebound bronchoconstriction
Term
Pirbuterol (maxair)
Definition
adrenergic bronchodialator
treat acute asthema
tolerance and rebound bronchoconstriction
Term
Theophylline (theodur)
Definition
Methylxanthine bronchodilator
oral for severe asthema (add to regimen for better bronchodialation)
narrow therapeutic window
Term
Aminophylline
Definition
Methylxanthine bronchodilator
injection for severe asthema
narrow therapeutic window
Term
Beclomethasone (QVAR)
Definition
Corticosteroid
very effective prophylactic but not acute
cause cataracts, cushing syndrome, suppress immune sys, osteoperosis and ulcers
Term
Flunisolide (aerobid)
Definition
Corticosteroid
very effective prophylactic but not acute
cause cataracts, cushing syndrome, suppress immune sys, osteoperosis and ulcers
Term
Triamcinolone (azmacort)
Definition
Corticosteroid
very effective prophylactic but not acute
cause cataracts, cushing syndrome, suppress immune sys, osteoperosis and ulcers
Term
Fluticasone (flovent)
Definition
Corticosteroid
very effective prophylactic but not acute
cause cataracts, cushing syndrome, suppress immune sys, osteoperosis and ulcers
Term
Budesonide (pulmicort)
Definition
Corticosteroid
very effective prophylactic but not acute
cause cataracts, cushing syndrome, suppress immune sys, osteoperosis and ulcers
Term
Prednisone
Definition
Corticosteroid
very effective prophylactic but not acute
cause cataracts, cushing syndrome, suppress immune sys, osteoperosis and ulcers
Term
Mometasone (nasonex)
Definition
Corticosteroid
very effective prophylactic but not acute
cause cataracts, cushing syndrome, suppress immune sys, osteoperosis and ulcers
Term
Ciclesonide (omnaris)
Definition
Corticosteroid
very effective prophylactic but not acute
cause cataracts, cushing syndrome, suppress immune sys, osteoperosis and ulcers
Term
Methylprednisolone
Definition
Corticosteroid
very effective prophylactic but not acute
cause cataracts, cushing syndrome, suppress immune sys, osteoperosis and ulcers
Term
Cromolyn Sodium
Definition
Mast Cell Stabilizer
inhibits degranulation
treatment of NON ACUTE asthema
Term
Monteleukast (singulair)
Definition
Leukotriene Modulator
treatment of asthema and seasonal allergies
not as good as corticosteroids
seasonal allergies
Term
Zafirleukast (accolate)
Definition
Leukotriene Modulator
treatment of asthema
not as good as corticosteroids
Term
Zileuton (zyflow)
Definition
Leukotriene Modulator
treatment of asthema (take 4X day)
not as good as corticosteroids
Term
Ipatropium (atrovent)
Definition
antimuscarinic
Term
Tiotropium (spiriva)
Definition
antimuscarinic
COPD
Term
Advair Diskus (salmeterol/fluticasone)
Definition
combo product for asthema
Term
Combivent (Ipatropium/albuterol)
Definition
combo product for asthema
Term
Symbicort (Formoterol/budesonide)
Definition
combo product for asthema
Term
Dulera (Formoterol/mometasone)
Definition
combo product for asthema
Term
Omalizumab (xolair)
Definition
anti-IgE for treatment of asthema
Term
Omeprazole (prilosec)
Definition
Proton Pump inhibitor
takes 3-4 days
microbial overgrowth in upper GI
female inc risk of bone fractures
Term
Esomepraxole (Nexium)
Definition
Proton Pump inhibitor
takes 3-4 days
microbial overgrowth in upper GI
female inc risk of bone fractures
Term
Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
Definition
Proton Pump inhibitor
takes 3-4 days
microbial overgrowth in upper GI
female inc risk of bone fractures
Term
Pantoprazole (protonix)
Definition
Proton Pump inhibitor
takes 3-4 days
microbial overgrowth in upper GI
female inc risk of bone fractures
Term
Sodium bicarbonate
Definition
acid neutralizing
rapid onset, short duration and lots of gas
systemic metabolic alkylosis
high sodium content
Term
Calcium carbonate (tums)
Definition
acid neutralizing-short term
not soluble
acid rebound
Term
Maalox
Definition
acid neutralizing
Term
Sucralfate (Carafate)
Definition
cytoprotective agent
very safe and effective
can cause constipation
Term
Misoprostol (cytotec)
Definition
cytoprotective agent
can induce uterine contractions and ABORTION!!!!!
diarrhea, abdominal distress, headache
Term
Bismuth Subsalicylate (pepto bismol)
Definition
cytoprotective agent
antimicrobial
antidiarrheals/spasmotics-acute, nonspecific
can cause REYE's SYNDROME IN CHILDREN and salicylate allergy (use bismuth citrate)
contraindicated to aspirin allergy
Term
Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
Definition
Antimicrobial
Term
Erythromycin
Definition
Antimicrobial
Term
Amoxicillin
Definition
Antimicrobial
Term
Metronidazole
Definition
Antimicrobial
Term
Bethanechol (Urecholine)
Definition
Prokinetic agent
jump start GI motility
Term
Metoclopramde (Reglan)
Definition

Prokinetic and antiemetic can cause parkinsonism

antiemetic for chemotherapy, tx GERD can cause postural hypotension, psychomotor slowing, teratogenic effects

Term
Erythromycin
Definition
Prokinetic and antimicrobial
promotes gastric emptying
Term
Dietary fiber
Definition
bulk forming laxative and antidiahhreal
for irritable bowel syndrome
for microbial infections
Term
Methylcellulose (Citrucel)
Definition
bulk forming laxative
Term
Psyllium (metamucil)
Definition
bulk forming laxative
bloating and flatulence
Term
Polycarbophil (Mitrolan)
Definition
bulk forming laxative
bloating and flatulence
Term
bisacodyl (Culcolax)
Definition
contact laxative on mucosa
Term
Castor oil
Definition
contact laxative on mucosa
acts on small intestine
intense
Term
Senna/Sennosides (Senokot, Ex-Lax)
Definition
contact laxative on mucosa
Term
Magneisum Hydroxide (milk of magnesia)
Definition
osmotic laxative
acute use only
works agains opiod
Term
Polyethylene Glycol (Miralax)
Definition
osmotic laxative
prep for surgery
Term
Mineral Oil
Definition
lubricating laxative
decreased absorption of fat soluble vitamins
Term
Docusate Sodium
Definition
lubricating laxative with detergent effect
increase solubility and absorption of other drugs
Term
Lubiprostone (amitiza)
Definition
lubricating laxative
for chronic idiopathic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome
inactivates Cl channels
common headaches
Term
Methylnaltrexone (Relistor)
Definition
laxative
Term
Hydrated Aluminium Silicate (kaopectate)
Definition
antidiarrheals/spasmotics
Term
Paregoric
Definition
antidiarrheals/spasmotics
Term
Loperamide (imodium)
Definition
antidiarrheals/spasmotics-acute nonspecific
opioid analog dec peristaltic movements
NO CNS effects
Can cause toxid MEGACOLON in pxs with ulcerative colitis
Term
Propantheline (Pro-banthine)
Definition
antidiarrheals/spasmotic anticholinergic
for Irritable bowel syndrome
sedation, dry mouth, hot skin
Term
Dicyclomine (Bentyl)
Definition
antidiarrheals/spasmotic anticholinergic
for Irritable bowel syndrome
sedation, dry mouth, hot skin
Term
Sulfasalazine
Definition
antidiarrheals/spasmotics
antiinflammatory activity improves pxs with ulcerative colitis
antimicrobial
sulfonamide and salicylate allergy
Term
Simethicone
Definition
anti gas agent
Term
Lactase (LactAid)
Definition
digestive enzyme
Term
Alphagalactosidase (Beano)
Definition
digestive enzyme
Term
Aluminum Hydroxide
Definition
acid neutralization
can cause constipation
decrease bioavility of tetracyclin
Term
Hydrated aluminum silicate (kaolin)
Definition
diahhreal adsorbent-acute nonspecific
contraind if impaired renal function
for irritable bowel syndrome
for microbial infections
Term
Scopolamine
Definition
anticholinergic
txs vertigo and motion sickness
Term
Prochlorperazine (Compazine)
Definition
antiemetic Dopamine antagonist
Parkinsonism, postural hypotension, psychomotor slowing, teratogenic effects
Term
Ondansetron (zofran)
Definition
antiemetic serotonin antagonist, very effective
good replacement for metoclopramide if parkinsonian SE
Term
dronabinol
Definition
THC antiemetic for chemotherapy
increases apetite
Term
aprepitant (emend)
Definition
antiemetic NK1 receptor antagonist for chemotherapy
Term
codeine, hydrocodone, opioids
Definition
antitussive opioid
most effective
sedation, constipation
Term
dextromethorphan
Definition
antitussive NON-opioid without sideffects
low abuse potential
Term
benzonatate (Tessalon)
Definition
antitussive with local anesthetic activity
Term
Guaifenesin (mucinex)
Definition
expectorant
Term
Activated Charcoal
Definition
non-specific antidote for toxins
Term
Dioxin and BPCs
Definition
causes severe acne-like eruptions
Term
hydroxocobalamin (Cyanokit)
Definition
for cyanide poisoning
bitter almond breath, inhibits electron transport chain
Term
BPA
Definition
toxin found in plastics
Term
Diethylene glycol DEG
Definition

osmotic laxative

substitue for glycerin in pharmecuetical products causes anuric renal failure

Term
Physostigmine
Definition

treat anticholinergic syndromes or histamine blocker overdose (atropine poisoning=pinpoint pupils)

reverse NMJ block of non-depolarizing blockers

Term
Benzodiazepines or lidocaine
Definition
treat sympathomimetic syndromes (cocaine overdose=dialated pupils)
Term
Naloxone (narcan)
Definition
treat opiate poisoning (heroin overdose-pinpoint pupils)
Term
Flumazenil
Definition
treat benzodiazepine, ethanol or barbiutate poisoning
(for non-opiates)
Term
Atropine or Pralidoxime
Definition
treats cholinergic syndromes (insecticides, organophosphates or nerve agents)
Term
Fomepizole
Definition
treats methanol/ethylene glycol poisoning
crystals in urine
Term
Succimer
Definition
treats Lead/mercury/arsenic poisoning
hypochromic microcytic anemia
weak wrist/ankle extensor muscles
Term
dexamethasone
Definition
for cerebral edema caused by lead poisoning encephalopathy
Term
Dimercaprol
Definition
for arsenic/mercury poisoning
arsenic-rice water diarrhea and dermatitis
mercury-ataxia and movement disorders, deafness
Term
Calcium EDTA
Definition
severe lead poisoning only
Term
Nitrous oxide
Definition
inhaled general anesthetic-rapid weak
only gas GA
Term
isoflurane
Definition
inhaled general anesthetic
Term
desflurane
Definition
inhaled general anesthetic-rapid weak
irritating-causes cough, secretions
must use IV GA to induce
Term
sevoflurane
Definition
inhaled general anesthetic-rapid strong
requires pop-off valve bc of CO production
Term
Propofol
Definition
IV general anesthetic
to induce
enhances effects of GABA
Term
Ketamine
Definition
IV general anesthetic
requires only one dose to induce and keep under
used by military
use in patients at risk of hypotension
Term
Midazolam
Definition
General Anesthetic adjunct-rapid
for more rapid onset and recovery
Term
Fentanyl
Definition
General Anesthetic adjunct-rapid strong
Term
Dantrolene
Definition
treatment of MALIGNANT HYPERTHERMIA during anesthesia
ryanodine calcium channels inhibitor that blocks muscle rigidity
Term
Mivacurium
Definition
Non-depolarizing NMJ blocker-short duration
no CNS effects
not metabolized by ACE
Term
Rocuronium
Definition
Non-depolarizing NMJ blocker-intermediate duration
tracheal intubation
no CNS effects
not metabolized by ACE
Term
Succinylcholine
Definition
Depolarizing NMJ blocker-rapid but very short duration
intubation
no CNS effects
Term
Lidocaine
Definition
Amide local anesthetic-long acting
most common
Term
Articaine
Definition
Amide local anesthetic-long acting
dental
Term
Benzocaine
Definition
Esther local anesthetic-short acting topically
Term
Older woman that smokes wants birth control. Give her...
Definition
progesterone only BC
Micronor, Orvette, Dopo-Provera (can cause osteoporosis)
Term
Plan B or Preven
Definition
emergency contraception
Term
Para Guard or Mirena
Definition
intra uterine birth control device
Term
Ortho Evra
Definition
Topical BC patch
Term
BC effect on Antibiotics
Definition
birth control is inactivated by antibiotic
Term
Leuprolide acetate
Definition
GnRH antagonist can treat prostate cancer
can stop precocious puberty
Term
Finasteride (Proscar, propecia)
Definition
5a- reductase inhibitor
treats enlarged prostate and baldness
Term
Dutasteride (avodart)
Definition
5a- reductase inhibitor
treats enlarged prostate
Term
menotropin (pergonal)
Definition
gonadotropin
treats infertility in men and women
Term
recombinant FSH (Gonal-F, Follistim)
Definition
gonadotropin
treats infertility in females
Term
chorionic gonadotropin (pregnyl)
Definition
gonadotropin
treats infertility in men and women
Term
recombinant hCG (ovidrel)
Definition
gonadotropin
cause ovulation induction
Term
Raloxifene hydrochloride (evista)
Definition
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERMS)
prevents osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
Term
Clompiphene (clomid, serophene)
Definition
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator (SERMS)
treats female infertility
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