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PHAR100 Section B
B3
13
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 1
04/17/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Sedative-hypnotic agents
Definition
CNS depressants
Term
Therapeutic uses of sedative hypnotics
Definition
Antianxiety relief
Sedative
Hypnotic
Anticonvulsant
Treat skeletal muscle spasm
Treat alcohol withdrawal syndrome
Term
Benzodiazepines
Definition
Increase synaptic inhibition
Enhance action of GABA

Very high therapeutic index

Capsule or intravenous

Overdose, high degree cross tolerance, sudden discontinuation lead to withdrawal
Term
Short Term Use Benzodiazepines
Definition
Low-Mod Doses:
Relief from anxiety and tension, relaxation and calmness, impairment motor coordination, drowsiness, lethargy, fatigue, impairment of thinking and memory
Respiratory depression, gastrointestinal symptoms,impair driving

High Doses:
Drowsiness, over-sedation, sleep, intoxicated state, coma
Term
Long Term Use Benzodiazepines
Definition
Chronic sedative-hypnotic intoxication: impaired thinking, poor memory and judgement, disorientation, slurred speech, incoordination and weak muscles
Term
Barbiturates
Definition
Potent CNS depressants
Low dose state relaxation, tranquillity, mild impair cognitive and motor function
Death from respiratory failure

Phenobarbital used at antiepileptic

Low therapeutic index

Oral and intravenous
Term
Short Term Use Barbiturates
Definition
Low:
tranquillity, relaxation, mild euphoria, dizziness, mild impairment of motor coordination

Moderate:
induce sleep, intoxication

High:
Sleep, lose consciousness
Term
Long Term Use Barbiturates
Definition
Chronic inebriation, memory, judgement and thinking impaired, hostility and mood swings
Term
Tolerance and Dependence of Barbiturates
Definition
Very rapid tolerance to sleep induction and mood effects, high degree cross tolerance

Addiction, physical dependence, withdrawal (tremours, anxiety, weakness, insomnia, seizures, delirium, visual hallucinations, high body temp)
Term
Flumazenil
Definition
GABA receptor antagonist, blocks effects benzodiazepines
Term
Zolpidem
Definition
GABA receptor agonist, does not disturb sleep patterns
Term
Buspirone
Definition
Acts on 5-HT receptor, generalized anxiety states, non-additive
Term
Chloral hydrate
Definition
Hypnotic, causes heart burn and unusual taste in mouth
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