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Pedes / Poisoning
Pedes Final
50
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
03/21/2016

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Term
Poisoning - description
Definition
Ingesting, inhaling, or absorbing a toxic substance
Term
What is a common cause of childhood injury and illnesses?
Definition
Poisoning, particularly by ingestion
Term
Most poisoning occurs in children
Definition
younger than 6 years with a peak age of 2 years
Term
What places the early childhood child at risk for poisoning?
Definition
The exploratory behavior, curiosity, and oral activity of early childhood
Term
Where do poisonings occur, usually?
Definition
About 90% of poisonings occur in the home
Term
What should the nurse assess for in poisoning?
Definition
a. child found near source of poison
b. Gastrointestinal (GI) disturbance: nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea, vomiting
c. burns of mouth, pharynx
d. respiratory distress
e. seizures, changes in level of consciousness
f. cyanosis
g. shock
Term
Common Nursing Diagnoses for poisoning
Definition
a. Risk for poisoning related to...
b. deficient knowledge (home safety) related to...
Term
Identify the poisonsous agent
Definition
quickly!
Term
Assess the child's
Definition
respiratory, cardiac, and neurologic status
Term
What should the nurse instruct the parent to bring with them to the emergency department?
Definition
Any emesis, stool, etc.
Term
The nurse should determine a child's
Definition
age and weight
Term
Use of syrup of ipecac is
Definition
no longer recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics. Teach parents that it is not recommended to induce vomiting in any way because it may cause more damage
Term
Poison removal and care may require
Definition
gastric lavage, activated charcoal, or naloxone HCL (Narcan)
Term
How do you poison proof and child proof the home?
Definition
a. Identify location of poisons: under the sink, in medicine cabinets; storage rooms, garages, poisonous plants (philodendron, dieffenbachia)
b. put locks on cabinets
c. use safety containers
d. discard unused medications
e. make sure child is always under adult supervision
Term
Post the telephone number for local poison control center
Definition
next to the telephone
Term
Examine the environment from the
Definition
child's viewpoint. (the height to which a 2 to 5 year old can reach)
Term
The nurse should contact
Definition
community health nurse or child welfare agency if necessary
Term
Descriptcion of lead poisoning
Definition
It is estimated that 2.2% of children younger than 6 years of age living in the USA have blood levels greater than 10 mcg/dL
Term
Which age group is most vulnerable to the effects of lead?
Definition
Children 6 years of age and younger
Term
The major cause of lead poisoning is
Definition
deteriorating lead-based paint
Term
How does lead enter the body?
Definition
through ingestion, inhalation, or in the case of the unborn child, placental transfer when mother is exposed
Term
The common route for lead to enter the body is
Definition
ingestion either from hand to mouth behavior via contaminated hands, fingers, toys or pacifiers or, less often from eating sweet tasting loose paint chips found in homes built before the 1950s or in a play area
Term
What parts of the body are most seriously effected by lead?
Definition
renal, neurologic, and hematologic systems
Term
What is currently used for screening and diagnosis of lead poisoning
Definition
The blood lead level (BLL) test
Term
What is a good indicator of early toxic effects of lead?
Definition
Erythrocyte portoprophyrin
Term
Screen for lead poisoning using these guidelines
Definition
Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Term
All children should have a BLL test at the ages of
Definition
1 and 2 years
Term
For a BLL test
Definition
1. Collect blood in a capillary tube and send to the laboratory
2. During collection, avoid contamination of blood specimen and lead on the sking
Term
Any child betten the ages of ___________ who has not been screened should also be tested.
Definition
3 and 6 years
Term
Obtain a history of possible sources of
Definition
lead in the child's environment
Term
General signs of lead poisoning
Definition
Anemia; acute crampy abdominal pain; vomiting; constipation; anorexia; headache; lethargy; impaired growth
Term
Early CNS signs of lead poisoning
Definition
hyperactivity; aggression; impulsiveness; decreased interest in play; irritability; short attention span
Term
Late CNS signs of lead poisoning
Definition
mental retardation; paralysis; blindness; convulsions; coma; death
Term
Lead poisoning nursing diagnoses
Definition
A. Risk for poisoning related to...
B. Interrupted family processes related to...
c. Risk for injury related to...
Term
Identify sources of lead
Definition
in the environment
Term
Administer prescribed chelating agents to
Definition
reduce high BLLs
Term
If child is allergic to peanuts, he/she should not be given chelating agents such as
Definition
dimercaprol; D-penicillamine, or calcium disodium EDTA
Term
Rotate injection sites if chelating agent is given
Definition
intramuscularly
Term
Reasssure child that injections are a treatment not a
Definition
punishment
Term
When giving chelating agent IM injection of CaNa2 EDTA administer this local anesthetic
Definition
procaine
Term
Apply EMLA cream over puncture site
Definition
2 1/2 hours before the injection to reduce discomfort
Term
Avoid giving iron during chelation because
Definition
of possible interactive effects
Term
If home oral chelation therapy is used
Definition
teach family proper administration of medication
Term
Administer prescribed cleansing enemas or cathartic
Definition
for acute ingestion
Term
Do not vacuum hard surfaced floors or windowsills or window wells in homes built before 1960 because
Definition
this spreads dust
Term
Wash and dry child's hands and face frequently
Definition
especially before the child eats to prevent lead poisoning
Term
To prevent lead poisoning was toys and pacifiers
Definition
frequently
Term
Make sure that home exposure to lead is not occurring from
Definition
parental occupations or hobbies
Term
More lead is absorbed on an
Definition
empty stomach
Term
Hot water can contain
Definition
higher levels of lead because it dissolves lead more quickly than cold water, so use only cold water for consumption (drinking, cooking, and especially for making infant formula
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