Term
| Two main joint classifications |
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Definition
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Term
| Three types of structural joints |
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Definition
fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial
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Term
| three types of functional joints |
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Definition
| synarthroses (immovable), amphiarthroses (slightly movable), diarthroses (freely movable) |
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Term
| three types of fibrous structural joints |
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Definition
| sutures, gomphoses, syndesmoses |
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Term
| four characteristics of sutures |
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Definition
| occur between the bones of the skull; interlocking junctions filledwith connective tissue; bound tightly together but allow for growth in youth; fuse in middle age into synotoses |
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Term
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Definition
| sutures that have fussed in middle age |
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Term
| characteristics of gomphoses |
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Definition
| "peg in socket" fibrous joint between tooth and its alveolar socket; fibrous connections is periodontal joint |
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Term
| characteristics of structural cartilaginous joints |
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Definition
| bones united by cartilage; lack a joint cavity |
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Term
| two types of cartilaginous joints |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| characteristics of symphyses |
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Definition
| joint surface covered with hyaline cartilage fused to fibrocartilage pad or plate; amphiarthrotic joints designed for strength and flexibility |
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Term
| characteristics of synchondroses |
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Definition
| a bar or plate of hyaline cartilage unites bones; all are synarthrotic |
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Term
| examples of synchondroses |
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Definition
| epiphyseal plates in children; joint between the costal cartilage and first rib and the sternum |
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Term
| characteristics of synovial joints |
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Definition
| joints in which articulating bones are separated by a fluid containing joint cavity; freely movable diarthroses |
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Term
| examples of synovial joint |
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Definition
| all limb joints; most joints of the body |
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Term
| general structure of synovial joints |
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Definition
| articular cartilage; synovial cavity; articular capsule; synovial fluid; reenforcing ligaments |
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Term
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Definition
| determined by: articular surfaces; ligaments; muscle tone that keeps tendons tight across joints |
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Term
| six types of synovial joints |
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Definition
| hinge, plane, pivot, saddle, condyloid/ellipsoidal, ball and socked |
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Term
| friction reducing structures of synovial joints |
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Definition
| bursae and tendon sheath; common where ligaments, muscles, skin, and tendons rub together |
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Term
| characteristics of hinge joints |
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Definition
| cylindrical projection fits into trough shaped surface |
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Term
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Definition
| along a single plane - flexion and extension only |
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Term
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Definition
| elbow, interphalangeal joints |
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Term
| characteristics of plane joints |
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Definition
| articular surfaces are essentially flat |
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Term
| characteristics of pivot joints |
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Definition
| rounded end of bone protrubes into "sleeve" composes of bone and/or ligaments |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| axis/dens; proximal radioulnar joint |
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Term
| characterisitics of condyloid/ellipsoidal joints |
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Definition
| ova surface fits into complimentary depression; both articular surfaces are oval |
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Term
| movements in condyloid/ellipsoidal joints |
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Definition
| biaxial joints permit movement in all direction |
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Term
| characteristics of ball and socket joints |
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Definition
| spherical or hemispherical head articulates with cup-like socket |
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Term
| movement of ball and socket joints |
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Definition
| multiaxial joints permit most freely moving joints |
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Term
| examples of ball and socket joints |
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Definition
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Term
| characteristics of saddle joints |
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Definition
| each articular surface has both concave and convex surfaces |
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Term
| movement of saddle joints |
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Definition
| biaxial in angular motions - greater than condyloid/ellipsiodal |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| movements in or around all three planes |
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Term
| six types of angular movement |
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Definition
| abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, dorsiflexeion, plantar flexion, |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| bending that decreases angle of the joint |
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Term
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Definition
| bending that increases angle of the joint |
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Term
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Definition
| upward movement of the foot |
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Term
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Definition
| downward movement of the foot |
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Term
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Definition
| flat surface slips or glides over flat surface of another |
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Term
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Definition
| radius and ulna are parallel |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| foot turns away from instep |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| movement toward each other |
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Term
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Definition
| only slipping and gliding movement |
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Term
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Definition
| intervertebral joints; pubic symphysis |
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Term
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Definition
| between the tibia and fibular; between radius and ulna |
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Term
| definition of synchondroses |
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Definition
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Term
| characteristics of sydesmoses |
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Definition
| bones connected by a fibrous tissue ligament; movement varies from immovable to slightly movable |
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Term
| examples of condyloid/ellipsoidal joints |
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Definition
| radiocarpal; metacarpophlangeal |
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