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Part V
Part V Music
49
Music
Undergraduate 2
07/12/2009

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Term
Art Song
Definition
The musical setting of a text by a composer for solo singer and piano.
Term
Romantic Period
Definition
The Style of music that was prevalant from about 1820-1910
Term
Lied
Definition
The German Word for "Art Song" Plural is lieder.
Term
Through Composed Song
Definition
A song that contains no repetition of lines of music.
Term
Franz Schubert
Definition
(1797-1828) Austrain composer who marked the beginning of the Romantic period. He wrote over 600 lieder.
Term
Felix Mendelssohn
Definition
(1809-1847) German Composer who was an early prodigy just like Mozart. His perfomance of St. Matthew's Passion signaled a resurrection of the interest in the music of J.S. Bach. The high point of his career was the performance of his oratorio Elijah in England.
Term
Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel
Definition
(1805-1847) German composer, older sister Felix. She is mainly known for smaller scale compostitons some of which originally apperaed under her brothers name.
Term
Berceuse
Definition
Instrumental pieces in a moderate tempo and accompaniment reminiscent of rocking a cradle
Term
Character piece
Definition
A short keyboard work expressing a mood or idea, composed during the Romantic Period
Term
Etude
Definition
A short instrumental work stressing some technical aspect of playing the instrument
Term
Fantasie (Fantasia)
Definition
A free sounding instrumental work
Term
Impromtu
Definition
A short piano compsition in a style that sounds improvised
Term
Nocturne
Definition
A type of nineteenth century character piece for piano, origianl
Term
Prelude
Definition
A short instrumental work.
Term
Rubato
Definition
A performers slight devation froma short tempo
Term
Scherzo
Definition
An independent work for piano composed during the Romanitc Period.
Term
Transcription
Definition
An adaptation of musical work for an instrument or voice for another instrument or voice, or for a group of either.
Term
Frederic Chopin
Definition
(1810-1849) Polish compoer who moved to France. Known mainly for his piano music. He was called the poet of the piano.
Term
Niccolo Paganini
Definition
(1782-1840) Virtuoso violinist who developed a technique that overwhelmed audiences. He fostered a Satanic image which attracted a lot of publicity. He established the mould of a perfomer that could hold an audience in his hands with his showmanship and virtuosity.
Term
Franz Liszt
Definition
(1811-1886) Hungarian composer who was influenced by Paganini. He was the most famous musician in the world then gave up touring to become a composer. At the end of his life he became a clergyman and wrot sacred music. He created the symphonic poem.
Term
Robert Schumann
Definition
(1813-1856) German composer. At an early age he injured his hand and had to give up dreams of becoming a concert pianist so he turned to composition. He was a master of character pieces for piano as well as many other forms. He established a musical journal that led to the discovery of serveral great musicians including Brahms and Chopin. He died in an insane asylum.
Term
Clara Schumann
Definition
(1819-1896) German composer. Was the daughter of Robert's piano teacher. Her compositions include smaller works. She was a virtuoso pianist and after Robert's death, developed a close realtionship with Brahms.
Term
Ballet
Definition
Music and bodily movements combined for artistic purpoes.
Term
Concert Overture
Definition
An overture not associated with an opera or drama.
Term
Fixed Idea (idee fixe)
Definition
A theme that is transformed at various places in a composition.
Term
Incidental Music
Definition
Music composed to be performed in conjunction with a drama.
Term
Overture
Definition
An instrumental introduction to a vocal work or an orchestral suite.
Term
Program Music
Definition
Instrumental works assiocated by the composer with an extra-musical idea or object.
Term
Program Symphony
Definition
A multi-movement programmatic work for orchestra. Tells a story
Term
Theme Transformation
Definition
The alteration of a theme that retains its characteristic intervals of melody or rhythm pattern.
Term
Tone Poem (Symphonic Poem)
Definition
A sizable orchestral work of program music.
Term
Hector Berlioz
Definition
(1803-1869) French composer. His symphony fantastique was a pioneer work in the area of program music and theme transformation. He was also a music journalist.
Term
Piotr IIich Tchaikovsky
Definition
(1840-1893) Russsian Composer. Did not become a professional musician until the age of 23, He is best known for his ballests but he also hightly regarded for his symphonies and operas. His best known work is the Ballet, THE NUTCRACKER.
Term
Bel Canto
Definition
Literally "beautiful song" in Italian. Often it refers to a style of opera in the first part of the nineteenth century that featured much vocal technique and beautiful singing.
Term
Leitmotiv
Definition
A motive or theme that is associated with a particular character or idea in the music dramas of Richard Wagner.
Term
Music Drama
Definition
The term Richard Wagner used for his opera in which he tried to strike a balance between the muisc and the dramatic action.
Term
Verismo
Definition
Realism in Opera. Operas about everyday people.
Term
Giuseppe Verdi
Definition
(1813-1901) Giacomo PuccItalian opera composer. He became the most popular Opera composer in the world during his lifetime.He was considered a hero by the Italian people. He has more operas performed on a regular basis than any other opera composer.
Term
Giacomo Puccini
Definition
(1858-1924) Italian opera composer. He was the successor to Verdi as the most popular Italian composer of his time. Although he has fewer operas performed he ahs some of the most successful operas of all time. He had a wonderful gift for melody and drama.
Term
Richard Wagner
Definition
(1813-1883) German opera composer. He wrote his own libretti. His operas are in German and are based on German mythology. THe first performance of his four operas comprising The Ring of the Nebulung was the musical event of the 19th century.
Term
Augmetation
Definition
A compostitional technique in which the note value of a theme are all lengthened proportionally.
Term
Diminution
Definition
The proportional reduction of all note values in a theme.
Term
Johannes Brahms
Definition
(1833-1897) German born composer who spent most of his time in Vienna. He as a conservative Romantic composer. He never wrote any program music or opera.
Term
Antonin Dvorak
Definition
(1841-1904) Bohemian composer. He moved to America to teach music and encouraged American composers to use Native American and African American music to establish an Amercian Style of music.
Term
Nationalism
Definition
A deliberate conscious attempt to develop art works that are characteristic of a particular country or region
Term
Polymeters
Definition
the presence of two or more meters at the same time.
Term
Whole-tone scale
Definition
A scale in which the octave is divided into six whole steps.
Term
Modest Mussorgksy
Definition
(1839-1881) Russian composer he was a member of the russian five. he was probably the least educated one of the group. his music was very expressive of russian culture most of his works are performed in editions edited by later composers.
Term
Bedrich Smetana
Definition
(1824-1884) He was the founder of Bohemian nationalistic music inherited by Dvorak. He wrote no absoulte music.
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