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Pace 1092 Science Test
Unit 8
39
Science
8th Grade
02/24/2011

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Cards

Term
For a substance to be a mineral, it must occur _______________.
Definition
naturally
Term
Minerals must have a definite _____ composition.
Definition
chemical
Term
Minerals must have a definite structure, or unique arrangement of _____.
Definition
atoms
Term
Minerals are _______; that is, they have never been living and do not contain anything that once was living
Definition
inorganic
Term
The first mineral family consists of minerals such as diamonds, ______, or sulfur, which are composed of single elements.
Definition
gold
Term
The __________ mineral family consists of metals that are combined with sulfur.
Definition
sulfide
Term
The _______ mineral family consists of metals combined with hydrogen-oxygen molecules.
Definition
hydroxide
Term
The _______ mineral family consists of metals combined with sulfur-oxygen molecules.
Definition
sulfate
Term
The __________ mineral family are minerals composed of oxygen combined with other elements.
Definition
oxide
Term
The chloride mineral family consists of metals combined with _________.
Definition
chlorine
Term
The carbonate mineral family consists of metals combined with ______ molecules.
Definition
carbon-oxygen
Term
The silicate mineral family consists of metals combined with _____________ molecules.
Definition
silicon-oxygen
Term
Metals have metallic luster, are good conductors of heat and electricity, are tough, are __________, and are malleable.
Definition
ductile
Term
_________ is probably the product of the decay of animal and marine life that perished during the flood.
Definition
petroleum
Term
Since coal, petroleum, and natural gas are _______, they are classified as mineral fuels.
Definition
mined
Term
_____________ have identified as many as 2,000 different kinds of animals.
Definition
geologists
Term
___________ resources and national power are closely related.
Definition
Mineral
Term
One test for identifying a mineral is to examine its _________.
Definition
color
Term
Another mineral test is to examine the mineral's _________ structure.
Definition
crystal
Term
The _______ test is a test for the color of a mineral's powder.
Definition
streak
Term
A mineral may be identified by its ______.
Definition
hardness
Term
A mineral may be identified by its shine, or _________.
Definition
luster
Term
Another mineral test is ________, or the way a mineral splits.
Definition
cleavage
Term
Archimedes discovered how to identify a mineral by finding its specific _________.
Definition
gravity
Term
The _______ test shows whether a mineral is a carbonate.
Definition
acid
Term
About 40 minerals are called _________ minerals because they are so common and comprise so much of Earth's crust.
Definition
rock-forming
Term
Metal deposits are usually ____________ with nonmetals or other metals.
Definition
combined
Term
________ must be mined from the Earth.
Definition
minerals
Term
__________ ore is one of the most common ores.
Definition
Iron
Term
The practicality and method of mining depend on the _______ and type of mining.
Definition
location
Term
Iron and copper are dug from rock deposits by the process of _______ mining.
Definition
open-pit
Term
_______ only need to be cut and polished to make them ready for use.
Definition
Gemstones
Term
Pure metals must be _______ with two or more other metals to give them greater strength or usefulness.
Definition
alloyed
Term
In their natural state, metals almost always combine with other elements to form _______ known as ores.
Definition
compounds
Term
__________ are rock seams where ore is found.
Definition
Veins
Term
______________ mining is the most practical method of mining a coal seam near the surface.
Definition
Strip
Term
When andentire rock bed consists of a mineral, the ________ method is used.
Definition
quarrying
Term
After mining, most minerals must be put through special _______ processes to remove impurities
Definition
refining
Term
A steel tower lined with firebricks that can absorb hear and maintain high temperatures is __________ furnace.
Definition
a blast
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