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Oxidation Rules
Rules for Assigning Oxidation States
12
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
10/30/2010

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Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #1

Definition

The oxidation state of an atom in its elemental state is 0.

 

(BrINClHOF: Br2, I2, N2, Cl2, H2 O2 F2), Cu, Al, Fe)

Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #2

Definition
The oxidation state of a monoatomic ion is identical to the ion charge.
Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #3

Definition
The sum of all oxidation states of all atoms within a compound is 0.
Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #4

Definition
The sum of all oxidation states of all atoms within a polyatomic ion is identical to the ion charge.
Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #5

Definition
The oxidation state of all Group IA atoms in a compound is +1.
Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #6

Definition
The oxidation state of all Group IIA atoms in a compound is +2.
Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #7

Definition

The oxidation state of H in combination with

nonmetals is +1.

Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #8

Definition

The oxidation state of H in combination

with metals is -1.

Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #9

Definition
The oxidation state of F in all compounds is -1.
Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #10

Definition

The oxidation state of O in most compounds is -2

(unless the compound also contains F, in which case the oxidtation state of O is -1).

Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #11

Definition
The oxidation state of O in peroxides (i.e. O2-2) is -1.
Term

Rules for Assigning Oxidation States

 

Rule #12

Definition
The oxidation state of Group VIIA atoms is -1 when in combination with metals, nonmetals (other than O) and other halogens lower in Group VIIA.
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