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Organic Chemistry Ch. 9 - Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
MCAT
6
Organic Chemistry
Undergraduate 2
05/31/2016

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Term
condensation reaction
Definition
a reaction that combines two molecules into one, while losing a small molecule
Term
naming esters
Definition

name the chain off of the esterifying group (bound to the ether) as a prefix and replace -oic acid with -oate

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Term
What is the reactivity of carboxylic acids to nucleophiles?
Definition
anhydrides are the most reactive followed by esters and then amides
Term
anhydride cleavage
Definition
  • anhydrides can be cleaved by the addition of a nucleophile
  • addition of ammonia or amin results in an amide and a carboxylic acid
  • addition of an alcohol results in an ester and a carboxylic acid
  • addition of water results in two carboxylic acids
Term
transesterification
Definition
the exchange of on esterifying group for another on an ester; attacking nucleophile is an alcohol
Term
hydrolysis of amides
Definition
amides can be hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids under strongly acidic or basic conditions; attacking nucleophile is water or the hydroxide anion
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