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Organic Chemistry
For test in chemistry about Organic Chemistry
24
Chemistry
10th Grade
10/03/2010

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Term
What is organic chemistry?
Definition
Organic Chemistry is the chemistry of the carbon compounds.
Term
Why is carbon important in organic chemisry?
Definition
Because it can form chains.
Term
What is a homologus serie?
Definition
A group of chemical compunds that have the same chemical properties, the same general formula, and they show a steady change in their physiscal properties as we go along the group.
Term
What is the general formula of alkanes?
Definition
CnH2n+2
Term
Name the first 10 alkanes.
Definition
Methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane.
Term
How is crude oil separated into compounds? What properties on the compounds allow us to separate them?
Definition
1- Fractional Distillation
2- Their boiling point.
Term
What are the 2 properties of alkanes?
Definition
1- they are not very reactive but they burn easily.
2- Cracking. Heat and a catalyst can break bigger molecules into small ones.
Term
Why is cracking in alkanes important?
Definition
Because it makes usefull small molecules from less valuable ones, and it makes alkenes.
Term
What is the general formula of alkenes.
Definition
CnH2n
Term
What is the functional group of alkenes?
Definition
A double bond C=C
Term
What is an isomer?
Definition
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.
Term
Give a test for alkenes?
Definition
Dissolving the alkene with bromine. Because alkenes will decolourize the solution
Term
Mention properties in plastics that make them useful.
Definition
Easy to shape, flexible, good insulators, low density, easily coloured, cheap to produce.
Term
What are disadvantages of using plastics?
Definition
They are non-biodegradeable, and they can also harm wild life.
Term
What does burning fossil fuels cause?
Definition
Formation of CO2 and global warming, formation of S02 and acid rain, fossil fuels will run out, pollution from oil spill.
Term
What is the general formula of alcohol.
Definition
CnH2n+1OH
Term
How is ethanol made?
Definition
From ethene and steam, or by frementation.
Term
What is the formula when ethanol is made from ethene and steam?
Definition
CnH2n+H2O--->C2H5OH+2CO2
Term
what is the formula of making ethanol by fermentation?
Definition
C6H12O6--->2C2H5OH+2CO2 ( fermentation also needs enzymes from yeast)
Term
What are the short term problems due to alcohol consumption?
Definition
Loss of coordination. Alcohol can be a poison. Headache, sickness, vomits, etc. Antisocial behaviour.
Term
Which are the long term problems due to alcohol consumption?
Definition
Damage to most organs of the body. Dependency. Breakdown of families.
Term
What are the reactions of alcohols?
Definition
They burn,oxidation using oxidizing agents, and in condensations reactions.
Term
What are condensations reactions in alcohol used for?
Definition
They can be used to make polyesters.
Term
what comes out of a fractionating column from the top to the bottom?
Definition
Fuel gas, petrol, paraffin, light gas oil, diesel, lubricating fraction, bitumen.
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