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Details Title Oral Histo Midterm Description Embryology Two Total Cards 54 Subject Histology Created 11/12/2011

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Cards

Term At about day 8 of gestation, the cells differentiate into a 2 layered disk called the ___ ___ ___.	Definition bilateral germ disk
Term cells situated dorsally (_____ layer) are columnar and reorganize to form the ___ cavity.	Definition ectodermal amniotic
Term cells situated ventrally (___ layer) are cuboidal and form the roof the second cavity (___ ___ ___).	Definition endodermal secondary yolk sac
Term the secondary yolk sac develops from the migration of the peripheral cells of the ___ ___ layer.	Definition extraembryonic endodermal
Term following the formation of the bilaminar disc, the ___ ___ appears caudal to the primitive node and primitive pit.	Definition primitive streak
Term The intraembryonic mesoblast consists of cells migration from the floor of the ____ cavity. The ___ is a layer between the epiblast and hypoblast.	Definition amniotic mesoblast
Term what are the only two mesoderm free areas?	Definition cloacal and oropharengial membranes
Term the ___ ___ develops along the midline of the floor of the amniotic cavity.	Definition primitive streak
Term the rostral end of the primitive streak ends with the ___ ___.	Definition primitive node
Term The __ __ is a depression in the midline of the embryo.	Definition primitive pit
Term the __ ___ is the elevated area surrounding the primitive pit.	Definition primitive node
Term the notochord grows from cells in the floor of the ___ ___ and the base of the __ ___. it initially has a ___ center as an extension of the __ __. later it becomes solid.	Definition primitive pit primitive node hollow
Term the mesoblast cells that accumulate anterior to the prochordal plate give rise to the __ plate.	Definition cardiac
Term the ___ extends from the primitive pit to the ___ ___.	Definition notochord prochordal plate
Term the neurenteric canal temporarily connects the amnion and ___ ___ (yolk sac).	Definition umbilical vesicle
Term the notochord determines the longitudinal ___ of the embryo. it defines the future situation of the vertebra body and induces the ectoblast in its ____ to become the neural plate.	Definition axis differentiation
Term At around the 19th day, the primitive streak extends over ___ of the whole length of the embryo, but ___ and is shifted caudally at the later stages.	Definition half recedes
Term by the 4th week the ___ ___ is only 15% of the length of the embryo. it is confined to a region called the ____ eminence.	Definition primitive streak caudal
Term ___are made of pluripotenet cells of the primitive streak and their composition can vary greatly.	Definition teratomas
Term true or false teratomas are seen three times more often in girls than in boys	Definition true
Term teratomas can become ___ in children and must be removed asap.	Definition malignant
Term the notochord induces formation of the ___ ___ (____) int he overlying ectoderm.	Definition neural plate neurulation
Term the neural plate becomes a ___ ___ by active cell proliferation and changes in shape.	Definition neural groove
Term the neural tube begins closing the ____ and has open ___ called ____.	Definition middle ends neurospores
Term the anterior end of the neural tube expands rapidly due to ____ growth.	Definition differential
Term ____ are embryonic transitional organs that are formed through the segmentation of the paraxial mesoblast.	Definition somites
Term somites organize themselves without cell ____. (primary organs)	Definition differentiation
Term somites contain the precursor cells for ____ skeleton (___), striated ____ of neck, the trunk and extremities (____), and ____ tissue and skin (____).	Definition axial sclerotome musculature myotome subcutaneous dermatome
Term the ____ (____) _____ of the spine, neural tube, trunk wall and thorax (ribs) depends on the ordered arrangement of the SOMITES.	Definition segmental METAMERE partitioning
Term there are __-___ embryonic somites, some of them are reduced so there are only __-___ somites in a fully formed fetus.	Definition 42-44 35-37
Term ____ are responsible for the segmental organization of the embryo and contribute to its restructuring.	Definition somites
Term the somite forms from the ___ ___.	Definition paraxial mesoderm
Term early somites have a ___ cavity and cells are ____ like.	Definition central epithelial
Term ventral cells of the somite loose ____ characteristics.	Definition epithelial
Term the cardiogenic area is located ___ to the oropharyngeal membrane.	Definition rostral
Term The two types of folding the embryo are	Definition cephalocaudal folding lateral folding
Term by the 4th week, the folding is relatively advanced and an outpouching of endoderm is becoming the embryonic ___.	Definition liver
Term the intermediate mesoderm becomes the ___ system	Definition urogenital
Term somatomeres contribute to ___ musculature.	Definition head
Term the lateral plate mesoderm gives rise to the ___ ___ associated with muscle and viscera.	Definition connective tissue
Term the lateral plate mesoderm is associated with the ____ (somatic or parietal layer) and forms the somatic lining of the peritoneum, muscles of the limbs, and body wall.	Definition ectoderm
Term the lateral plate mesoderm associated with ___ (splanchnic or visceral layer) forms muscle of the gut and mesentery.	Definition endoderm
Term the head fold is critical to the formation of primitive _____ or oral cavity.	Definition stomatodeum
Term the head fold causes the ectoderm to line the stomatodeum with the stomatodeum separated from the gut by the ____ membrane.	Definition buccopharyngeal
Term with lateral folding, the ectoderm of the floor of the amniotic cavity encapsulates the embryo and forms the surface of the ____.	Definition epithelium
Term the ___ ___ cells migrate to form tissues of the craniofacial region.	Definition neural crest
Term neural crest cells are ____ cells.	Definition pluripotent
Term lateral folding of the embryo determines the diposition of ___.	Definition mesoderm
Term during lateral folding, the lateral plate mesoderm ____ to form a space (coelom). the mesoderm bounding the cavity lines the body wall and gut.	Definition cavitates
Term during lateral folding, the intermediate mesoderm is relocated to the ____ wall of the coelom.	Definition dorsal
Term during lateral folding, the ____ forms the gut.	Definition endoderm
Term connective tissue is the body is derived from mesoderm but in the head it is derived from _____ reflecting its origin from the neuroectoderm.	Definition ectomesenchyme
Term in treacher collins syndromes, full facial development does not occur because __ ___ ___ fail to migrate properly to the facial region.	Definition neural crest cells
Term all of the tissues of the tooth (except enamel and maybe cementum) and its supporting apparatus are derived from __ __ __.	Definition neural crest cells

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