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Operations Management
Karti
33
Management
Undergraduate 3
12/20/2011

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Term
Triple Bottom Line
Definition
a business strategy that includes social, economic, and environmental critiera
Term
Straddling
Definition
occurs when a firm seeks to match what a competitor is doing by adding new features, services, or technologies to existing activities. This often creates problems is tradeoffs are made
Term
Operations and supply chain strategy
Definition
setting broad policies and plans for using the resources of a firm to best support the firm's long term competitive strategy
Term
order winner
Definition
a dimension that differentiates the products or services of one firm from those of another
Term
order qualifier
Definition
a dimension used to screen a product or service as a candidate for purchase
Term
activity-system maps
Definition
a diagram that shows how a company's strategy is delivered through a set of supporting activities
Term
productivity
Definition
measure of how well resources are used
Term
core capabilities
Definition
skill that differentiate a manufacturing or service firm from its competitors
Term
workcenter
Definition
a format in which similar equipment or functions are grouped together
Term
assembly line
Definition
equipment or work processes are arranged according to the progressive steps by which the product is made
Term
manufacturing cell
Definition
groups dissimilar machines to work on products that have similar shapes and processing requirements
Term
project layout
Definition
the product remains at one location and equipment is moved to the product
Term
workstation cycle time
Definition
the time between successive units coming off the end of the assembly line
Term
assembly line balancing
Definition
assembly-line balancing the problem of assigning all the tasks to a series of workstations so that each workstation has no more than can be done in the workstation cycle time and so that idle time across all workstations is minimized
Term
precedence relationship
Definition
the order in which tasks must be performed in the assembly process
Term
systematic layout planning SLP
Definition
a technique for solving process layout problems when the use of numerical flow data between departments is not practical. the technique uses an activity relationship diagram that is adjusted by trial and error
Term
queue
Definition
a line of waiting person jobs things or the like
Term
queuing system
Definition
consists of three major components: 1 the source population and the way customers arrive at the system. 2 the serving system. 3 how customers exit the system
Term
arrival rate
Definition
the expected number of customers that arrive each period
Term
exponential distribution
Definition
a probability distribution often associated with inter arrival times.
Term
poisson distribution
Definition
probability distribution often used to describe the number of arrivals during a given time period
Term
service rate
Definition
the capacity of a server measured in number of units that can be processed over a given time period
Term
project
Definition
a series of related jobs usually directed toward some major output and requiring significant period of time to perform
Term
project management
Definition
planning directing and controlling resources to meet the technical cost and time constraints of a project
Term
pure project
Definition
a structure for organizing a project where a self contained team works full time on the project
Term
functional project
Definition
a structure where team members are assigned from the functional units of the organization. the team members remain a part of their functional units and typically are not dedicated to the project
Term
milestone
Definition
specific event in a project
Term
work breakdown structure
Definition
the hierarchy of project tasks, subtasks, and work packages
Term
activities
Definition
pieces of work within a project that consumer time. the completion of all the activities of a project marks the end of the project
Term
gantt chart
Definition
shows in a graphic manner the amount of time involved and the sequence in which activities can be performed
Term
earned value management
Definition
technique that combines measures of scope schedule and cost for evaluating project progress
Term
slack time
Definition
the time that an activity can be delayed
Term
time cost models
Definition
extension of the critical path models taht considers the trade-off between the time required to complete an activity and cost. this is often referred to as "crashing" the project.
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