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Oncology - Drugs
Drugs, MOA, Uses
34
Pharmacology
Graduate
01/20/2013

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Cards

Term
5-FU MOA (2)
Definition
Interferes with the fx of thymidylate synthase, which is required for synth. of thymidine (cont. infusion); triphosphate metabolite is incoporated into RNA (bolus)... Inhibits dTMP synthesis
Term
Wat helps increase stability of FdUMP-thymidylate synthase inhibition and enhances activity of 5-FU in certain cancers?
Definition
Folates
Term
5-FU Use for
Definition
colorectal, breast, esophageal, pancreas, stomach, anal, head and neck cancers
Term
5-FU SE's
Definition
Stomatitis, diarrhea, cardiac, rare cerebellar tox (HA, visual distrubances, cerebellar ataxia), some alopecia. Ice chips 30 minutes while recieving bolus 5-FU decreases mucositis. Carciac SE seen by ST-seg elevation
Term
Capecitabine MOA
Definition
Interferes with the fx of thymidylate synthase, which is required for synth. of thymidine (cont. infusion); triphosphate metabolite is incoporated into RNA (bolus)... Inhibits dTMP synthesis
Term
Capecitabine used for
Definition
colon, rectal, breast cancer
Term
Capecitabine SE
Definition
Diarrhea, mucositis, hand-food synd, nausea, myelosuppresion.
Term
Capecitabine major side effects (2)
Definition
Significant increases in PT and INR in patients on warfarin (switch to LMWH) and elevated phenytoin levels (2C9 Inhibition)
Term
Cytarabine MOA (2)
Definition
Inhibits DNA polymerase and the triphosphate form may incorporate into DNA resulting in chain termination.
Term
Cytarabine Use
Definition
Acute Leukemias and some lymphomas
Term
Cytarabine SE
Definition
Myelosuppression, cereballar syndrome (nystagmus, dysarthria, ataxia) and eye irritation requiring ATC steroid eye drop administration. REQUIRES RENAL DOSAGE ADJUSTMENT
Term
Gemcitabine MOA (question on p 1455, doesnt make sense)
Definition
Inhibits DNA polymerase and ribonucleotide reductase,
Term
Gemcitabine USE
Definition
Pancreas, breast, lung, ovary, lung, lymphomas.
Term
Gemcitabine SE
Definition
myelosuppression, flu-likle syndrome, fevers in first 24 hours after admin, rash that appears 48-72 hours after admin, and hemolytic uremic syndrome (life threatening)
Term
What needs to be done for a fever 7-10 days after admin of Gemcitabine
Definition
Tx with broad spec antibx becasue its more than likely febrile neutropenia
Term
Azacitadine MOA
Definition
Causes hypomethylation of the DNA, which normalizes the function of genes that control cell differentiation, promoting normal cell maturation
Term
Azacitazine use
Definition
Myelodysplastic syndromes (preleukemia)
Term
Azacitadine SE
Definition
MSP, renal tubular acidosis, renal dysfx, injection site reactions
Term
Decitabine MOA
Definition
Incorporated into DNA and inhibits DNA methyltransferase, causing hypomethylation of DNA
Term
Decitabine SE
Definition
MSP, constipation, edema, HA, nausea
Term
Decitabine Use
Definition
Myelodysplastic syndrome
Term
Nelarabine MOA
Definition
Inhibition of DNA snthesis and cell death as it accumulates as the 5' triphosphate form in leukemic blasts
Term
Nelarabine Use
Definition
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma after two other chemo regimens have been tried
Term
6-MP MOA
Definition
Inhibits purine synthesis.
Term
What enzyme is subject to genetic polymorphisms and can cause severe myelosuppression?
Definition
Thiopurine S-methyl Transferase (TPMT)
Term
6-MP used for
Definition
Acutye lymphocytic leukemia and chronic myelogenous leukemia
Term
6-MP Side effects
Definition
myelosuppresion, mild nausea, skin rash, cholestasis.
Term
What medication do you have to watch out for when giving 6-MP?
Definition
Allopurinol, must dec. dose by 66-75% because it blocks metabolism of 6-MP
Term
6-TG MOA
Definition
Inhibits purine synthesis
Term
6-TG Use
Definition
Acute + Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Term
6-TG Side effects
Definition
Myelosuppression, mild nausea, cholestasis, rare veno-occlusive disease
Term
Fludarabine MOA
Definition
Interferes with DNA polymerase to cause chain termination and inhibits transcription by incorporation into RNA.
Term
Fludarabine use
Definition
chronic lymphocytic leukemia, some lymphoas, and refractory acute myelogenous leukemia
Term
Fludarabine SE
Definition
myelosuppression and immunosupression. Mild nausea and vomiting and diarrhea. Rare interstitial pneumonitis.
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