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Oct. 9 Lecture
Part 2
26
Nursing
Graduate
10/09/2014

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Term
WHAT ARE THE 6 COMPONENTS OF THE CARDIAC CYCLE?
Definition
PRELOAD, AFTERLOAD, CONTRACTILITY, COMPLIANCE, SV, CO
Term
DESCRIBE AFTERLOAD.
Definition
AFTERLOAD IS THE AoEDP. IT IS THE AMOUNT OF PRESSURE THAT THE LEFT VENTRICLE MUST GENERATE TO OPEN UP THE AORTIC VALVE.
Term
WHAT IS THE AoEDP DETERMINED BY?
Definition
THE DIASTOLIC RUNOFF WHICH IS -CHANGE IN AoP/CHANGE IN TIME.
Term
DESCRIBE WHAT THE WIGGER'S DIAGRAM SHOWS?
Definition
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEFT ATRIAL PRESSURE, LEFT VENTRICLE PRESSURE, AND AORTIC PRESSURE. HE RELATED THOSE 3 TO LEFT VENTRICULAR VOLUME
Term
WHAT IS THE WORST CONSEQUENCE OF HTN?
Definition
THE INCREASE IN AFTERLOAD BECAUSE THE INCREASE IN AFTERLOAD MAKES THE HEART WORK HARDER
Term
BETWEEN THE SYSTOLIC AND DIASTOLIC WHICH ONE HAS HIGH IMPORTANCE R/T AFTERLOAD?
Definition
THE DIASTOLE BECAUSE THE HIGHER THE END DIASTOLIC PRESSURE THE HARDER THE HEART MUST WORK.
Term
THE SYSTOLE PRESSURE IS HOW HARD THE LEFT VENTRICLE ___ WORK HOWEVER THE DIASTOLIC IS HOW HARD THE HEART ___ WORK.
Definition
CAN, MUST. THE HIGHER THE AORTIC PRESSURE, THE HARDER THE HEART HAS TO WORK WHICH INCREASES O2 DEMAND.
Term
THE AORTIC VALVE CLOSES AS SOON AS WHEN?
Definition
THE VENTRICULAR PRESSURE FALLS BELOW AORTIC PRESSURE
Term
HOW MANY ML WILL THE ATRIAL KICK ADD OR PUSH IN TO THE DIASTOLIC VOLUME?
Definition
20ML
Term
DESCRIBE THE DICROTIC NOTCH.
Definition
CLOSURE OF THE AORTIC VALVE PLUS RECOIL OF THE ELASTICITY OF THE AORTA. THE UPWARD TICK OF THE DIACROTIC NOTCH IS CAUSED FROM THIS SNAP BACK OF THE AORTA. THE DOWNSTROKE AFTER THE DIACROTIC NOTCH IS WHEN THE BLOOD STARTS LEAVING THE AORTA.
Term
THE MORE RIGID THE AORTA THE HIGHER THE __ ____ IS GOING TO BE.
Definition
DIACROTIC NOTCH. THERE IS TIGHT ELASTIC RECOIL.
Term
WHEN DOES A PATIENT NOT HAVE A DIACROTIC NOTCH?
Definition
DURING AORTIC REGURGITATION. THERE IS A BACKFLOW OF BLOOD INTO THE LEFT VENTRICLE.
Term
S1 AND S2 ARE CLOSURE OF WHICH VALVES?
Definition
S1 IS AV VALVES AND S2 IS CLOSURE OF SEMI LUNAR VALVES
Term
WHEN IS S3 HEARD? WHAT IS THE CAUSE?
Definition
DURING DIASTOLE AND IS CAUSE OF A STENOTIC MITRAL VALVE. If we are trying to move blood through a valve that is only half open, that is going to cause turbulent flow.
Term
WHEN DOES S4 OCCUR?
Definition
RIGHT BEFORE THE ATRIAL KICK
Term
WHEN DOES SPLITTING OF S2 OCCUR?
Definition
WHEN THE SEMILUNAR VALVES CLOSE AT DIFFERENT TIMES.
Term
WHAT IS A PATHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CAUSE OF SPLITTING OF S2?
Definition
PATHOLOGICAL IS BBB AND PHYSIOLOGICAL IS TAKING A DEEP BREATH.
Term
DESCRIBE THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CAUSE OF S2 SPLITTING.
Definition
As we take a deep breath, intrathoracic pressure decreases which causes the vena cava to expand allowing more blood to return to the R atrium. However the blood that is returning to the L side of the heart is coming from the pulmonary vasculature so we end up with a larger volume in the R side compared to the left. This means that if we begin contracting at the same time, the L ventricle empties before the R ventricle. Therefore the aortic valve will close before the pulmonic valve.
Term
WHEN DOES THE C WAVE OCCUR?
Definition
DURING THE ISOVOLUMETRIC CONTRACTION PHASE.
Term
WHAT IS PRELOAD?
Definition
LVEDV. THE PRELOAD IS THE AMOUNT OF BLOOD IN THE VENTRICLES PRIOR TO VENTRICULAR CONTRACTION.
Term
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR STROKE VOLUME? WHAT IS THE DEFINITION?
Definition
LVEDV-LVESV. VOLUME IN THE VENTRICLES PRIOR TO CONTRACTION AND VOLUME IN THE VENTRICLES AFTER CONTRACTION. SO THIS IS THE VOLUME OF BLOOD EJECTED BY A VENTRICLE AT THE END OF ONE CONTRACTION.
Term
WHAT IS THE EQUATION FOR CARDIAC OUTPUT?
Definition
LVEDV-LVESV X HR
Term
HOW IS CONTRACTIITY MEASURED?
Definition
CHANGE IS LEFT VENTRICULAR PRESSURE OVER CHANGE IN TIME
Term
IF THE CONTRACTILITY WERE TO DECREASE, HOW WOULD THE EJECTION PHASE CHANGE?
Definition
WE WOULD LOSE VOLUME MUCH MORE SLOWLY.
Term
WHAT IS THE FORMULA FOR COMPLIANCE?
Definition
CHANGE IN VOLUME/ CHANGE IN PRESSURE
Term
WHAT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MORE ATRIAL FILLING FOR A LESS COMPLIANT VALVE?
Definition
THE ATRIAL KICK
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