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Obj 4 - Force, Motion, Energy
Texas TAKS Objective 4
44
Science
8th Grade
01/05/2010

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Term
Absorption
Definition
when sound or light waves are absorbed by matter
Term
Acceleration
Definition
the rate of change in velocity (change in speed or direction of an object)
Term
Balanced Force
Definition
a force on an object that does not change the motion of the object
Term
Chemical Energy
Definition
potential energy stored in the chemical bonds of molecules
Term
Diffraction
Definition
the bending of a wave around an object
Term
Electrical Energy
Definition
is the energy of moving electrons
Term
Electromagnetic Spectrum
Definition
the arrangement of the different wavelengths of the electromagnetic waves from the longest wavelengths to the shortest
Term
Electromagnetic Waves
Definition
waves produced by the motion of electrically charged particles, travel through matter and space
Term
Energy
Definition
The ability to cause change or do work
Term
Force
Definition
a push or pull
Term
Frequency
Definition
the number of wave crest that pass one place each second
Term
Friction
Definition
the force between objects that works against their movement past each other
Term
Gravitational Force
Definition
the force put on all objects, weight is a measurement of this
Term
Inclined
Definition
a sloping surface
Term
Inertia
Definition
the tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest and the tendency of an object in motion to remain in motion at a constant velocity, unless a for acts upon it
Term
Infrared Waves
Definition
longer than radio, gives earth “heat”
Term
Kinetic Energy
Definition
energy in motion
Term
Law of Conservation of Energy
Definition
states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change forms
Term
Lever
Definition
a straight rod or board that picot on a fixed point, fulcrum
Term
Light Energy
Definition
one type of the electromagnetic spectrum
Term
Longitudinal Waves
Definition
a wave in which the particles vibrate parallel to the direction the wave is traveling
Term
Machine
Definition
a device that can make work easier by changing the size and direction of an applied force
Term
Mechanical Advantage
Definition
the ratio of the resistance force to the effort force
Term
Mechanical Energy
Definition
the combination of kinetic energy and potential energy in a system
Term
Net Force
Definition
the sum of all forces that are acting on an object
Term
Newton
Definition
the unit of measurement for the magnitude of a force
Term
Potential Energy
Definition
stored energy that depends on the relationship of objects with respect to one another
Term
Prism
Definition
a triangular glass that refracts the light twice, once when it enters and once when it leaves
Term
Pulley
Definition
a wheel with a groove around the outside edge
Term
Radar
Definition
uses short wavelength microwaves to locate objects
Term
Radio Waves
Definition
long and low frequencies
Term
Reflection
Definition
the bouncing back of a wave after it hits an object
Term
Refraction
Definition
the bending of a wave when it passes from one medium to another at an angle
Term
Solar Energy
Definition
energy from the sun, radiant
Term
Sounds Energy
Definition
a type of mechanical energy that travels as vibrations through matter
Term
Thermal Energy
Definition
heat energy
Term
Transverse Waves
Definition
a wave that has vibrations perpendicular to the direction in which the waves move
Term
Ultraviolet Waves
Definition
damage healthy skin, cause sun burns, and can help your skin to produce vitamin D,
Term
Unbalanced Force
Definition
a force on an object that does change the motion of an object
Term
Visible light Waves
Definition
the only part of the electromagnetic spectrum you can see, all colors of light
Term
Wavelength
Definition
the distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of the next
Term
Waves
Definition
can transmit energy through matter and space, examples water, sound, light
Term
Wheel and Axel
Definition
has a larger wheel with a smaller cylinder, or axel, passing through its center
Term
Work
Definition
the transfer of energy to an object when a force on the object causes the object to move in the direction of the force
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