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NURSING 138
CONSTIPATION AND DIARRHEA
18
Nursing
Graduate
10/26/2009

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

 

 

DIARRHEA

Definition

Frequent liquid stool

Symptom of an intestinal disorder


 

Term

Foods

Fecal impaction

Bacteria or virus

Toxins

Drug reactions

Laxative abuse

Malabsorption syndrome

Stress and anxiety

Bowel tumor

Inflammatory bowel disease

 

Definition

 

 

 

CAUSES OF DIARRHEA

Term



Bottled water

Meat well cooked

Fruit and vegetables washed

Vegetables well cooked


Definition

 

 

 

PREVENTION OF DIARRHEA

Term

Increase PO intake

Water, pedialyte, gatorade

IV fluids 

Bottled water


Definition

 

 

 

NONPHARMACOLOGIC MEASURES FOR DIARRHEA

Term




Opiate and opiate related

Somatostatin analogue

Adsorbents

Miscellaneous


Definition

 

 

USE FOR ANTIDIARRHEALS

Term

 

 

 

CONSTIPATION

Definition

 

 

Accumulation of hard fecal material in large intestine

A common problem, especially for elders



Term




 

Insufficient intake of water

Dietary habits

Fecal impaction

Bowel obstruction

Chronic laxative use

Neurologic disorders

Ignoring urge

Lack of exercise

Some drugs 

 

 

Definition

 

 

 

CAUSES OF CONSTIPATION

Term

Assess what is patient usual bowel pattern

Try 1st

High fiber diet

Increase water intake

Exercise

Routine bowel habits


Definition

 

 

 

NONPHARMACOLOGIC MEASURES FOR CONSTIPATION

Term

 

 

LAXATIVES

Definition

 

 

 

Used to promote elimination

Promote soft stool


Term





4 types

Osmotic (saline)

Stimulants (contact or irritants)

Bulk-forming 

Emollients (stool softeners)


Definition

 

 

 

4 TYPES OF LAXATIVES

Term

 

 

 

 Prevention of Constipation 

 Avoid straining 


Definition

 

 

 

WHY DOES THE CLIENT TAKING COLACE?

Term

 

 


Softening and passage of stool 

 

Definition

?

 

WHAT'S THE THERAPEUTIC OF COLACE

Term

Promotes incorporation of water into stool 

 Results in softer fecal mass 

 May also promote electrolyte and water secretion into the colon 

 


Definition

 

 

DRUG ACTION OF COLACE

Term

Hypersensitivity 

 Abdominal pain 

 Nausea and/or Vomiting 

 Signs of acute abdomen 

 Above signs/symptoms with fever 


Definition

 

 

 

CONTRAINDICATIONS OF COLACE

Term

 

Throat irritation 

 Mild cramps 

 Rashes 


Definition

 

 

 

TOXIC/SIDE EFFECTS OF COLACE

Term

 

Assess for abdominal distention, presence of bowel sounds, and usual 

pattern of bowel function 

 Assess color, consistency, amount of stool produced 

 Administer with full glass of water or juice 

 May administer on empty stomach for faster results 

 Do not administer within two hours of other laxatives 

 Teach patient that drug is for short-time therapy 

 Long-term use may result in electrolyte imbalance and dependence 

 Encourage fiber in diet, increased fluids, and increased activity  

Instruct to avoid straining with bowel movements, do not take when 

experiencing abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or if fever is present, 

do not take within two hours of other laxatives 


Definition

 

 

 

NURSING INTERVENTION FOR PT. WHO IS TAKING COLACE

Term

PO: (adults and children > 12 years) 50-500 mg once a day 

Rectal: (adults) 50-100 mg or 1 unit containing 283 mg docusate 

sodium, soft soap, and glycerin 

Definition

 

 

 

SAFE DOSE FOR ADULTS WHO ARE TAKING COLACE

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