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Nurs 201
Chapters 1-6
44
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
10/02/2011

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Term
norms
Definition
average ages at which developmental milestones are reached
(G. Stanley Hall)
Term
maturation
Definition
the gradual unfolding of a genetically programmed sequential pattern of change
(Arnold Gesell)
Term
norm-referenced tests
Definition
test to compare an individual child's score to the average of other children their age
Term
physical domain
Definition
changes in the size, shape, and characteristics of the body
Term
cognitive domain
Definition
changes in thinking, memory, problem solving, and other intellecutal skills
Term
social domain
Definition
change in variables that are associated with the relationship of an individual to others
Term
social domain
Definition
change in variables that are associated with the relationship of an individual to others
Term
social domain
Definition
change in variables that are associated with the relationship of an individual to others
Term
normative-age graded changes
Definition
changes common to every member of a species
Term
ageism
Definition
prejudicial new of older adults that characterizes them in a negative ways
Term
normative history-graded changes
Definition
chages that occur in most members of a cohort as a result of factors at work during a specific, well-defined historical period
Term
nonnormative changes
Definition
changes that resulf from unique unshared events
Term
ethnography
Definition
detailed description of a single culture or context
Term
psychoanalytic theories
Definition
theories proposing that developmental change happens because of the influence of internal drives and emotions on behavior
Term
id
Definition
[Freud] part of personality that comprises a persons basic sexual and aggressive impulses
Term
ego
Definition
[Freud] thinking element of personality
Term
superego
Definition
[Freud] part of personality for moral judgement
Term
psychosexual changes
Definition
[Freud] 5 stages of personality development which children mature
Term
psychosocial changes
Definition
[Erikson] 8 stages of personality development which inner insticts interact with outer cultural and social demands to shape personality
Term
behaviorism
Definition
the view that defines development in terms of behavior changes caused by enviornmental influences
Term
sociocultural theory
Definition
[Vygotsky] complex forms of thinking have their origins in social interactions rather than in individual's private explorations
Term
ethology
Definition
perspective on development that emphasizes genetically determined survival behaviors resumed to have evolved through natural selection
Term
gametes
Definition
cells that unite at conception (ova or sperm)
Term
zygote
Definition
single cell created when sperma and ovum unite
Term
zygote
Definition
single cell created when sperma and ovum unite
Term
gonads
Definition
sex glands (ovaries/testes)
Term
cephalocaudal pattern
Definition
growth that proceeds from the head downward
Term
proximodistal pattern
Definition
growth that proceeds from the middle of the body outward
Term
synaptogenesis
Definition
process of synapse development
Term
reticular formation
Definition
part of the brain that regulates attention
Term
adaptive reflexes
Definition
reflexes, such as sucking that help newborns survive
Term
primative reflexes
Definition
controlled by primative parts of the brain that ususally disappear during the first year of life
Term
colic
Definition
intense bouts of crying totalling 3 or more hours a day
Term
dynamic systems theory
Definition
view that several factors interact to infuence development
Term
SIDS
Definition
Sudden infant death syndrom - a phenomenon in which apparently healthy baby dies suddenly and unexpectedly
Term
visual acuity
Definition
how well one can see details at a distance
Term
tracking
Definition
smooth movements of the eye used to follow the track of a moving object
Term
auditory acuity
Definition
how well one can hear
Term
preference technique
Definition
a research method in which a researcher keeps track of how long a baby looks at each of two objects shown
Term
habituation
Definition
a decline in attention that occurs b/c a stumlus has become familiar
Term
dishabituation
Definition
responding to a somewhat familiar stimulus as if it were new
Term
intermodal perception
Definition
formation of a single perception of a stimulus that is based on infor from 2 or more senses
Term
nativists
Definition
theorist who claim that perceptual abilities are inborn
Term
empiricist
Definition
theorist who argue that perceptual abilities are learned
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