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NU 214 Test 3
Hematologic chapter
34
Nursing
Pre-School
03/28/2014

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Leukopenia is ?
Definition
Less than normal amount of wbc
Term
Neutropenia is ?
Definition
  • from decreased production of neutrophils
  • neutrophils are essential in limiting bacterial infection
  • ↑ risk of infection
  • asymptommatic, fever
Term
Lymphopenia is ?
Definition
  • lymphocytic count less than 1500
Term
leukocytosis is ?
Definition
  • ↑ level of leukocytes
Term
Leukemia is ?
Definition
uncontolled proliferation of wbc, often immature
Term
AML is ?
Definition
  • acute myeloid leukemia
  • defect in the stem cell
  • all ages, ↑ age, peaks @67, 5yr survival rate
Term
AML S/S ?
Definition
  • neutropenia - fever, infection
  • anemia - weakness, fatigue
  • thrombocytopenia - bleeding tendecies
  • hepatomegaly
  • spleenomegaly
  • hyperplasia of gums
  • bone pain - from expansion of marrow
Term
ecchymoses is ?
Definition
  • bruises
  • result from low platelet count
Term
petechiae is ?
Definition
  • pinpoint red or purple hemorrhagic spots on the skin
  • result from low platelet counts
Term
AML tx is ?
Definition
  • chemo
  • induction therarpy→consolidation therapy
  • BMT
  • PBSCT
Term
CML is ?
Definition
  • chronic myeloid leukemia
  • mutation in the stem cell
  • uncontrolled proliferation of cells
  • >20 ↑age peak 67, 5+ yr survival rate
Term
CML S/S ?
Definition
  • asymptomatic
  • leukocytosis - ↑wbc >100,000
  • leukostasis AEB sob, confused
  • spleenomegaly
  • hepatomegaly
  • malaise
  • anorexia/weight loss
Term
leukostasis is ?
Definition
  • excessive volume of leukocytes inhibits blood flow thru the capillaries
  • s/s - sob, confused
Term
CML stages are ?
Definition
  • chronic
  • transformation
  • accelerated(blast crisis)
Term
CML tx is ?
Definition
  • imatinib mesylate (gleevac)
  • allogeneic transplant
  • BMT
  • PBSCT
Term
ALL is ?
Definition
  • Acute lymphocytic leukemia
  • uncontrolled proliferation of immature cells (lymphoblasts) from the stem cell
  • children <15 yrs
  • high cure rate
  • ↑age = ↓ survival
Term
ALL S/S are ?
Definition
  • inhibited hematopoiesis
  • leukemic cell infiltration
  • pain from hepatomegaly
  • meningeal involvment - HA / Vomiting
Term
hematopoiesis is ?
Definition
  • complex process of the formation and maturation of blood cells
Term
ALL tx is ?
Definition
  • chemo
  • corticosteroids
  • allogeneic transplant
  • monoclonal antibodies
  • BMT
  • PBSCT
Term
CLL is ?
Definition
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • malignant b lymphocytes
  • excessive accumulation
  • escape apoptosis
  • older adults
  • avg age is 72 yrs
  • survival 15 yrs
Term
CLL S/S are ?
Definition
  • asymptomatic
  • lymphocytosis
  • lymphadenopathy
  • splenomegaly
  • fevers
  • sweats
  • weight loss
  • infections
  • anergy - skin sensitivity tests
Term
CLL tx is ?
Definition
  • chemo
  • monoclonal antibody
Term
Myelofibrosis is ?
Definition
  • agnogenic myeloid metaplasia(aam)
  • chronic disorder
  • marrow fibrosis or scarring r/t pancytopenia
  • angiogenesis
  • disease of elderly
  • 3-10 yr survival rate

 

 

Term
Lymphoma is ?
Definition
  • neoplasms of cells of lymphoid origin
  • two main types
    • hodgkin lymphoma
    • NHL
Term
Hodgkin lymphoma is ?
Definition
  • spreads via contiguous extension of lymphatic system
  • reed-sternberg cell
  • early 20's and again after 50
  • erythrocyte sedimenatation rate
Term
Hodgkins lymphoma S/S are ?
Definition
  • painless lymph node enlargement
  • pruritis
  • some have severe pain after drinking alcohol
  • herpes zoster
  • fever
  • sweats
  • weight loss
Term
Hodgkins lymphoma tx is ?
Definition
  • chemo
  • radiation
  • combination therapy with chemo and ABVD
    • doxorubicin(adraimycin)
    • bleomycin(blenoxane)
    • vinblastine(velban)
    • dacarbazine
Term
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas is ?
Definition
  • neoplastic growth of lymphoid tissue
  • spread unpredictably
  • ↑age, median 67yr
Term
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas S/S are ?
Definition
  • lymphadenopathy
  • fever
  • sweats
  • weight loss
Term
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas tx is ?
Definition
  • chemo
  • monoclonal antibody
  • bmt
  • pbsct
Term
Multiple Myeloma is ?
Definition
  • malignant disease of the plasma cell
  • m protein
Term
Multiple Myeloma S/S ?
Definition
  • bone pain
  • bone breakdown
  • fractures
  • hypercalcemia
  • renal failure
  • anemia
  • CNS issues
Term
Multiple Myeloma tx is ?
Definition
  • no cure
  • bmt/pbsct  to extend remission
  • chemo
  • corticosteroids
  • radiation
  • bisphosphonates
Term
Bisphosphonates are ?
Definition
  • pamidronate(aredia)
  • zoledronic acid(zometa)
  • to strengthen bone, bone pain
  • osteonecrosis
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